This is a Swadesh list of Indo-Aryan languages, specifically Sanskrit, Pali, Hindi, Urdu, Nepali, Bhojpuri, Punjabi, Gujarati, Marathi, Konkani, Assamese, Bengali, Odia, Kashmiri, Saraiki, Sindhi, Sinhalese, Dhivehi and Romani, compared with that of English.
IPA transliterations are given.
№ | English | Sanskrit संस्कृतम् (saṃskṛtam) edit (207) | Pali pāli edit (204) | Hindi हिंदी (hindī) edit (207) | Urdu اردو edit (207) | Nepali नेपाली (nepālī) edit (207) | Bhojpuri भोजपुरी (bhōjᵊpurī) edit (207) | Punjabi (Gurmukhi) ਪੰਜਾਬੀ (pañjābī) edit (207) | Saraiki سرائیکی (srā'īkī) edit (204) | Sindhi سنڌي edit (207) | Gujarati ગુજરાતી (gujrātī) edit (207) | Marathi मराठी (marāṭhī) edit (207) | Konkani कोंकणी (koṅkṇī) edit (207) | Assamese অসমীয়া (oxomia) edit (207) | Bengali বাংলা (baṅla) edit (207) | Odia ଓଡ଼ିଆ (oṛia) edit (207) | Kashmiri کٲشُر (kạ̄śur) edit (193) | Sinhalese සිංහල (siṁhala) edit (207) | Dhivehi ދިވެހި (divehi) edit (206) | Romani rromani ćhib edit (206) |
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1 | I (1sg) | ahám | ahaṃ | ma͠i | ma͠i | ma | ham | maĩ | ma͠i | āū̃, mā̃* | hũ | mī, āmhī* | hā̃v | moi | ami | mũ | bụ | mama, maṁ | aharen̊, ma*, aḷugaⁿḍu* | me |
2 | you (2sg) | tvám | tvaṃ | tū*, tum*, āp* | tū*, tum*, āp* | tã, timī, tapāīṃ | tē, tu | tū̃ | tū̃ | tū̃ | tũ*, tame* | tū*, tumhī*, āpaṇ* | tū | toi*, tumi*, apuni* | tumi, apni | tu, tume, apôṇô | ċụ | oyā*, ohē*, uᵐba*, tamusē*, tō*, nuᵐba*, oba*, obatumā* | kalē, kalā | tu |
3 | he, she, it (3sg) | sá | so, sa | yah*, vah* | yeh*, voh* | ū, unī, uhā̃ | uh | iha*, uha* | o* | hī*, hū*, hīa*, hūa* | te | hā*, to* | vho, vhī, vhe, ye, to, tī, te | xi, i | śe | se | huh*, suh*, yih*, tih*, sọ* | eyā*, arayā*, meyā*, ohu | ēnā*, e*, eā*, ēti* | ov*, oj* |
4 | we (1pl) | vayám, nas | amhe, mayaṃ | ham | ham | hāmī, hāmīharū | hamᵊnī | asī̃ | assā̃ | asī̃, asā̃, pāṇ | ame | āmhī*, āpaṇ* | āmhī | ami | amra | ame | ạs' | api | aharemen̊, alugaⁿḍumen̊* | amen |
5 | you (2pl) | yūyám, vas | tumhe | tum*, āp* | tum*, āp* | timīharū, tapāīṃharū, hajurharū | tuhᵊnī | tusī̃ | tussā̃ | tavhī̃, tavhā̃, avhā̃ | tame*, āpa* | tumhī*, āpaṇ* | tumhī | tohõt*, tümalük*, apünalük* | tōmra, apnara | tumemane, apôṇômane | toh' | oyālā*, ohēlā*, uᵐbalā*, tamusēlā*, topi*, nuᵐbalā*, obalā*, obatumālā* | kalēmen̊ | tumen |
6 | they (3pl) | té | te, tā, tāni | ye*, ve* | yeh*, voh* | yinīharu, tinīharu, unīharū, yahā̃harū, wahā̃harū | uhᵊnī | iha*, uha* | o* | hī*, hū* | teo | he*, hyā*, te*, tyā* | tānhī | xihõt, ihõt | tara | semane | hum*, humụ*, tim*, timụ* | eyālā*, arayālā*, meyālā*, owhu, owun | e mīhun̊*, e taketi* | on |
7 | this | idám | ayaṃ, sa | yah | yeh | yo | ih | iha | e | hī*, hīa* | ā | hā*, hī*, he* | vho, vhī, vhe, ye | ei | e | eha | yi | mē* | mi | kado |
8 | that | tát | asu, tad | vah | voh | tyo | uh | uha | o | hū*, hūa* | pelũ | to*, tī*, te* | to, tī, te | xei | ō | taha | ti | ē*, ara*, oya* | e | kodo |
9 | here | átra, íha | idha, attha | yahā̃ | yahā̃ | yahā̃ | ihā̃ | itthe | itthe, itthā̃ | hite | ahī̃ | ithe, ikḍe | hāṅgā | iat | ekhane | eṭhare, eṭhi | | mehē, metana* | mitā | kathe |
10 | there | tátra | tattha | vahā̃ | vahā̃ | tyahā̃ | uhā̃ | utthe | utthe, utthā̃ | hute | tyā̃ | tithe, tikḍe | thai | tat | ōkhane | seṭhare, seṭhi | | ehē, etana*, arahē, atana* | etā | kothe |
11 | who | ká | ka | kaun | kaun | ko | kavan, kē | kauṇ | kauṇ | ker | koṇ | koṇ | koṇ | kün | ke | kie | | kawuru | kāku | kon |
12 | what | kím | ka, kiṃ | kyā | kyā | ke | kā | kī | kī śe | chā | śũ | kāy | kidẽ, kasle | ki | ki | kôṇô | | monawā, moka* | kon̊eccek̊, kōccek̊ | so |
13 | where | kútra, kúha, kvà | kattha | kahā̃ | kahā̃ | kahā̃ | kahā̃ | kitthe | kitthā̃ | kithe | kyā̃ | kuṭhe | kha͠i | köt | kōthaẏ | keũṭhi | | kohē, kotana* | kon̊tāku | kaj |
14 | when | kadā́ | karāhi, kadā | kab | kab | kahile | kab | kadõ | kaɗɗā̃ | kaᶑhã | kyāre | kevhā, kadhī | kednā | ketia | kokhon | kebe, ketebeḷe | | kawadā*, kīyaṭa* | kon̊iraku | kana |
15 | how | kathám | kathaṃ | kaisā | kaisā | kasarī, kasto | kaisē | kivẽ* | kĩvẽ | kiã | kevī rīte, kem | kase | kaśe | kene | kemon | kemiti, kipôri | | kohoma | kihinek̊ | sar |
16 | not | ná | na | nahī̃ | nahī̃, nā | hoina, nāĩ, na | nā | nahī̃, nā | na | na | na, nahī̃ | nāhī | nū | nai | na | nuhẽ, nahĩ | | næhæ, no- | nūn̊ | na |
17 | all | sárva, víśva | sabba | sab, sabhī*, sāre | sab, sabhī*, sāre | sabai, jammai, purai | kul, sabh | sārā, sabh | sāre, yakke | sabhu | badhũ, tamām, sarva | sagḷe, sarva, sāre | sagḷe | atai, xokolü | śbo | sôbu | prth i | hæma, okkoma | hurihā | sa |
18 | many | bahú | bahu | bahut | bahut | dherai, anek, ekdamai | ज़ादे, ḍhērē | kaī̃ | ɓahũ | ghaṇā | bahu, ghaṇũ | puṣkaḷ, bareċ, khūp | khūb | bohut | onek | ônekô, bôhutô, guḍae | | goḍak, bohoma | baivaru | but |
19 | some | kiñcid | eke*, koci | kuch | kuch | kehī, kohī | thōṛī, kuchu | kujh | kujh | kujhi | amuk, thoḍũ | kāhī | thoḍe | olop | kichu | kichi | | ætæm | baek̊ | unyi |
20 | few | álpa | appa | thoṛā | thoṛā | thorai, alikati | kam, tani | thoṛe, ghaṭṭa, virle | thoṛā | thorā | thoḍũ | thoḍe, kamī | mācce | olop | kom | ôḷpô | | ṭikak | madun̊ | cerra |
21 | other | anyá | añña, apara | dūsrā | dūsrā | arko, arū | dusar, bājō | dūjā, hor | ɗujjhā | biyo | bījũ, anya | itar, dusre | dusre | an | onno | ônyô, ônyanyô | | ætæm | anet̊ | aver |
22 | one | éka | eka | ek | ek | ek | ēk | ikka, hikka | hik | hiku | eka | ek | ek | ek | ek | ekô | akh | eka | ekek̊ | jekh |
23 | two | dvá | dve | do | do | duī | du | do | ɗū | ɓa | be | don | don | dui | dui | dui | zụ | deka | dēk̊ | duj |
24 | three | trí | tayo | tīn | tīn | tīn | tīn | tinn, trai | trāe | te | traṇ | tīn | tīn | tini | tin | tini | tre | tuna | tinek̊ | trin |
25 | four | cátur | catur | cār | cār | cār | cār | cār | cār | cār | cār | cār | cār | sari | car | cari | ċōr | hatara | hatarek̊ | śtar |
26 | five | páñcan | pañca | pā̃c | pānc | pā̃c | pā̃c | pañj | pãj | panja | pā̃c | pāċ | pāc | pãs | pãc | pañcô | pānċh | paha | fahek̊ | panʒ |
27 | big | mahát | mahant | baṛā | baṛā | ṭhūlo | baṛ | vaḍḍā | vaɗɗā | vaᶑo | moṭũ | moṭhe | vhoḍ | daṅor | boṛ | bôṛô | boḍ, boḍ | loku | boḍu, boⁿḍo, boⁿḍa | baro |
28 | long | dīrghá | dīgha | lambā | lambā | lāmo | lām | lammā | lambā | ḍigho | lā̃bu | lāmba | lāmba, dīgh | dighol | lomba | lômba, dirghô | zīṭh | diga | digu | lùngo |
29 | wide | urú | uru | cauṛā | cauṛā | cauḍā, cāklo | cauṛā | cauṛā | | kuśādo, vekiro | pahoḷũ | runda | rūnda | bohol | coōṛa | côuḍa, osaria | khol | puḷul | fuḷā | buxlo |
30 | thick | ghaná | bahala, gahana, ghana | gāṛhā | gāṛhā | moṭo, bāklo | gāṛhā | moṭā | moṭā | thulho | jāḍũ, ghaṭṭ | j̈āḍ | dāṭ | dath, müta | mōṭa | moṭa | moṭ | gana | bō, ola* | thulo |
31 | heavy | gurú | garu | bhārī | bhārī | gahruṇgo, gahra͠u | bhārī | bhārī | bārā | ɠaro | bhāre | j̈aḍ | jaḍ | bhari | bhari | bhari | gob | bara | baru | pharo |
32 | small | álpa | khudda, thoka | choṭā | choṭā | sāno | chōṭ, nanhī | choṭā, nikkā | choṭā | naṇḍho | nānũ | lahān, choṭe | dhākle, sān | xoru | chōṭ | choṭô | lọkuṭ | puṁci, kuḍā | kuḍa | tikno |
33 | short | hrasvá | | choṭā | choṭā | choṭo, puḍko, hoco | chōṭᵊhan | choṭā, nikkā | choṭā | naṇḍho | ṭū̃kũ | buṭke | giḍḍo | suti, sapor | bẽṭe | choṭô, ôḷpô | ċoṭ, lọkuṭ | keṭi | kuru | skurto |
34 | narrow | aṃhú | | taṅg* | tang | sā̃ghuro | pātar | bhīṛā, sauṛā | soṛā | tang | sā̃kḍũ | nirunda, arunda | yeḍo | thek | cipa | ôṇôosaria | | paṭuyi | hani | tang |
35 | thin | tanú | | patlā | patlā | pātlo, masino, dublo | pātar | patlā | patlā | sanho | pātaḷũ | pātaḷ, bārīk | bārīk, sapūr | patol, khin | patola | sôrua, pôtôḷa | ton, patlụ | sihin | tuni, hima | sano |
36 | woman | strī́ | itthī | aurat*, mahilā | 'aurat | āimāī, mahilā, strī | mēhᵊrārū, aurat | aurat | ran, tremit | 'aurat, zāl | bāīḍī | bāī | bāil | maiki manuh | mohila | nari, môhiḷa | zanān | gǣni | an̊hen̊ mīhā | ʒuvli |
37 | man (adult male) | púruṣa, nára | purisa, nara | ādmī* | ādmī | puruṣ | marad, adīmī | ādamī | ʄaṇā, mard, juvān | māṇhū, mardu | māṇas | puruṣ | didlo | mota manuh | puruś | puruṣô | mrụd | pirimiyā | firihen̊ mīhā | murś |
38 | man (human being) | manuṣyá, mānava | jana, manussa | insān*, manuṣya | insān, ādmī | mānche, mānis | insān | inasān | banda | māṇhū, insānu | māṇas | māṇūs | manīs | manuh | manuś | manôbô, môṇiṣô, lokô, byôkti | insān | minihā | mīhā | manuś |
39 | child | bā́la, śíśu | bālaka | baccā* | baccā | baccā, bālak | baccā | baccā | ɓāl | ɓāri | bāḷka, chokrũ | mūl | bhurgo | löra-süali, soli | bacca | śiśu, pila, chua | śur, bacụ | ḷamayā | kujjā | ćhavo |
40 | wife | pátnī, bhāryā́ | dāra, bhariyā | patnī | bīvī | svāsnī, strī, patnī, buḍhī | mēhᵊrārū, lugāī | vahuṭī, zan | zāl | zāl, joe, ghar vārī, istarī | patnī | bāyko | bāil | ghoini | stri, bou | pôtni, stri, maikiṇa | zanānụ | nōnā | aᵐbi | rromni |
41 | husband | páti | pati | pati | śauhar | logne, poi, pati, buḍho | marad, bharᵊtār | khāvaṇḍ, patī | pae | maṛs, ghar vāro | pati | navrā | ghov | giri, poi | śami | pôti, swami | khāndār, rūn | mahattayā | firi, firimīhā | rrom |
42 | mother | mā́tṛ | mātar | mātā | mā̃, ammī | āmā | matārī, māī | mā̃ | mā | māu | mā | āī | āvai | ma, ai, amma | ma, amma | ma, mata, jônôni, bou | mạ̄ī | mawa, ammā | man̊ma | daj |
43 | father | pitṛ́ | pitar | pitā | abbū, abbā, bāp | bābā, bābu, bubā | pitar, bābūjī | pio | pīu | pīu | bāp | vaḍīl, bāp, bābā | bāpui | deuta, bap, abba | baba, abba | pita, bapa, ba | mōl | piya, tāttā, appocci | bappa | dad |
44 | animal | páśu | mig* | jānvar* | jānvar | jantu, janāwar, paśu | janāvar | jānvar | jānvar | jānvaru | prāṇī | prāṇī | janāvar | ziw-zontu | jontu | pôśu, jôntu, pôraṇi | zuvzạ̄ċ | satā | janavāru | pedo |
45 | fish | mátsya | maccha | machlī | machlī | māchā | machᵊrī | macchī | macchī | machī | māchlī | māsā | māsoḷī, māsḷī, jaḷkai | mas | mach | machô | gāḍ | māḷuwā | mas | maćho |
46 | bird | ví, pakṣin | pakkhin | ciṛiyā | ciṛiyā | carā, panchī, pakṣī | ciṛaīn | pañchī | pakkhī | pakhī | paṅkhī, pakṣī | pakṣī, pākhrū | pakṣi | sorai | pakhi | côṛhei, pôkṣi | pạrindụ | kurullā | dūni | ćiriklo |
47 | dog | śván | kukkura, suvaṇa | kuttā | kuttā | kukur | kukur | kuttā | kuttā | kuto | kutro | kutrā | kutro, suṇo | kukur | kukur | kukurô | hūn | ballā | baḷu, kuttā | ʒukel |
48 | louse | yūkā | ūkā | jū̃ | jū̃ | jumrā | līkh | jū̃ | jū̃ | jū̃a, jū̃ | jū | ū | ūv, ūy | ükoni | ukun | ukuṇi | | ukuṇā | ukunu, ukuṇu | ʒuv |
49 | snake | sarpá | sappa, ahi | sā̃p | sānp | sarpa, sā̃p | saraph, sā̃p | sappa | nāṅg | nāṅgu | sāp | sāp | sorop, jivāṇe | xap | śap | sapô | saruph | ukuṇā | nan̊nugati, harufa | sap |
50 | worm | kṛ́mi | kimi | kīṛā | kīṛā | kīrā | kīṛā, phatiṅgā | kīṛā | kīṛā | kīṛo | kīḍo | aḷī | kīḍo | pelu | krimi | krumi, pokô, kiṭô | kyom | krimiyāwa, paṇuwā | fani, faṇi | kirmo |
51 | tree | vṛkṣá, tarú | rukkha | peṛ | daraxt | rūkh | phēṛ, darakh | rukkha | draxt, vaṇ | vaṇu | jhāḍ, vŕkṣ | j̈hāḍ | jhāḍ, rūk | gos | gach | gôchô, brukṣô | kul | gasa | gas | rukh |
52 | forest | vána | vana | jaṅgal | jangal | van, jaṅgal | jaṅgal | jaṅgal | jaṅgal | jhaṅgal | jaṅgal, van | jaṅgal | rān | habi, zoṅghol, bon | bon | jôṅgôlô, bôṇô | van | wana | valu | veś |
53 | stick | daṇḍá | laṭṭhi | ḍaṇḍā, lāṭhī | ḍanḍā | laṭṭhī, chaḍī, lāṭhī | ḍaṇḍā, laṭṭh | soṭī | ɗaṇḍā, soṭā | laṭhi | lākḍī | kāṭhī | dāṇḍo | bari, kathi | laṭhi | laṭhi, baḍi | lōr | kōṭuwa | daⁿḍi | kopal |
54 | fruit | phála | phala | phal | phal | phal, phalaphūl | phal | phal | | mevā | phaḷ | phaḷ | phaḷ | phol | phol | phôḷô | phal | palaturu | mēvāeḷun̊ | frukto |
55 | seed | bī́ja | bīja | bīj | bīj | bīu, bijan | bīyā | bīj | bīj | ɓiju | bīj | bī | bī | guti | bici, bij | môñji | | bīja | oṣ̊ | sumburo |
56 | leaf | páttra | patti | pattā | pattā | pāt | pāt, pataī | patā | patr | panu | pā̃dḍũ | pān | pān | pat | pata | pôtrô | pan, پَنہٕ ؤتھٕر | koḷē | fat̊ | patrin |
57 | root | mū́la | mūla | jaṛ | jaṛ | jarā | jaṛ | jaṛh | pāṛ, mũḍh | pāṛa | mūḷ | mūḷ | mūḷ | xipa | śikoṛ | cerô, muḷô | | mula | mū | rikita |
58 | bark (of a tree) | tvác | taca | chāl | chāl | (rūkhko) bokrā | chāl, khāl | chilla, chāl, khalla | chill, khal | choᶑo | chāl | (j̈hāḍācī) sāl | (jhāḍāce) sāl | bakoli | chal | bôkôḷô, cheli | | potu | toṣi | korca |
59 | flower | púṣpa | puppha | phūl | phūl | phūl | phūl | phulla | phul | gulu | phūl | phūl | phūl | phul | phul | phulô | | mal | mā | luludǐ |
60 | grass | tṛ́ṇa | tiṇa, ghāsa | ghās | ghās | ghā̃s | ghās | ghāh | ghāh | gāhu | ghās | gavat | taṇ | ghãh | ghaś | ghasô | | taṇakoḷa | vina | char |
61 | rope | rájju | rajju | rassī | rassī | ḍorī, rasī | rassī | rassī | rassā, rassī | raso | dorḍũ | dorī, rassī | dorī | rosi | doṛi | rôsi, dôuḍi | | kaᵐbaya | rōnu, rōṇu | śelo |
62 | skin | cárman, tvác | camma | camṛī, tvacā | jild | chālā | camᵊṛī | camṛī | khal, camṛī | khala | cāmḍī | tvacā | kāt | sal, samra | camṛa | cômôṛa, chalô | | ham | han̊ | morthǐ |
63 | meat | māṃsá | maṃsa | mā̃s | gośt | māsu | śikār, gōś | gośat, mās | gośt | gośt | mā̃s | mās | mās | moṅoh, maṅxo | maṅśo, gōśot | maṁsô | | mas | mas | mas |
64 | blood | rakta, ásṛj | lohita | xūn* | xūn | ragat | ख़ून | ratta, lahū | ratt, xūn, lahū | ratu | lohī | rakta | ragat | tez | rokto | rôktô, lôhu | | lē | lē | rat |
65 | bone | ásthi | aṭṭhi | haḍḍī | haḍḍī | hāḍ, haḍḍī | haḍḍī | haḍḍī | haɗɗī | haᶑo | hāḍkũ | hāḍ | hāḍ | har | haṛ | haḍô, ôsthi | | kaṭu | kaṣi | kòkalo |
66 | fat (noun) | pī́vas, médas | meda | carbī* | carbī | cillo, boso | carᵊbī | carbī | mī̃jh, carɓī | carɓī | carbī | carbī | vos | sorri, tel | corbi | moṭa, côrbi | | mēda | sarubī | thulo |
67 | egg | aṇḍá | aṇḍa | aṇḍā | anḍā | phul, aṇḍā | aṇḍā | āṇḍā | anḍā, ānā̃ | āno | ī̃ḍũ | aṇḍe | tātī, aṇḍẽ | koni | ḍim | ôṇḍa | | bittaraya, aṇḍaya | bis | anro |
68 | horn | śṛṅgá | singa | sīṅg | sīng | siṅ, khāg | sīṅg | siṅg | siṅgh | siṅu | śī̃gḍũ | śiṅga | śīṅga | xiṅ | śiṅ | śiṅgô | | aⁿga | daḷu | śing |
69 | tail | púccha | puccha | pū̃ch | pūnch, dum | pucchar, puchār | pō̃ch | pūch | puch, puchaṛ | puchu | pū̃chḍī | śepūṭ, śepṭī | śempḍī | nez | lej | lañjô | | waligaya | nagū | pori |
70 | feather | parṇá | paṇṇa, patta | paṅkh | par | pwā̃kh | pā̃kh | khumbh | khambh, par | khambhu | pī̃chũ | pīs | pāk | pakhi | por | pôrô | | pihāṭu | dūnifat̊ | por |
71 | hair | kéśa | kesa | bāl | bāl | kapāl, keś | bār, kēs | vāl | vāl | vāra | vāḷ | kes | kes | suli | cul | baḷô, keśô, lomô | | kes, koṇḍaya | istaṣi | bal |
72 | head | śíras | sira | sir | sar | ṭāuko, śir | kapār, sis | sir | sir | matho | māthũ | ḍoke | taklī, mātte | mur, matha | matha | muṇḍô | | oluwa, isa | bō | śero |
73 | ear | kárṇa | kaṇṇa | kān | kān | kān | kān | kann | kann | kana | kān | kān | kān | kan | kan | kanô | | kana | kan̊fat̊ | kan |
74 | eye | ákṣi | akkhi | ā̃kh | ā̃kh | ā̃khā | ā̃kh | akkha | akkh | akhi | ā̃kha | ḍoḷā | doḷo | soku | cōkh | akhi | | æsa | lō | jakh |
75 | nose | nā́sā | nāsā | nāk | nāk | nāk | nāk | nakka | nakk | naku | nāk | nāk | nāṅka | nak | nak | nakô | | nahaya | nēfat̊ | nakh |
76 | mouth | vaktra, múkha | mukha | mũh | munh | mukh | mũh | mū̃h | mũh | vātu | mõ, mukh | toṇḍa | toṇḍa | mukh | mukh | paṭi, mũhô | | kaṭa | aⁿga | muj |
77 | tooth | dánta | danta | dā̃t | dānt | dā̃t | dā̃t | dand | ɗand | ᶑanda | dā̃t | dāt | dānta | dãt | dãt | dantô | | data | dat̊ | dand |
78 | tongue (organ) | jihvā́ | jivhā | jībh | zabān, jībh | jibro | jībh | jībh | ʄibbh, zabān | zabāna | jībh | jībh | jibli, jībh | zibha | jibh, jiubha | jibhô | | diwa | dū | ćhib |
79 | fingernail | nakhá | nakha | nāxun* | nāxun | naṅ | नाख़ुन, nakh | naṅgal | naū̃ | nahun | nakh | nakh | nākhūṭ | nokh | nokh | nôkhô | | niyapotu | niyafat̊ | vundya |
80 | foot | padá | pāda | pair | pair, pāõ | pāu, khuṭṭā | gōṛ, pair | pair | per | peru | pagno pañjo | pāūl | pāy | bhori | pa | padô | | paya, kakula | faitila | punro |
81 | leg | jáṅgha | janghā | ṭāṅg | ṭāng | goḍā, khuṭṭā | ṭāṅg | latta | ʄaṅgh, lat | ṭaṅga | pag | pāy | pāy | bhori, theṅ | pa | goḍô | | kakula | fai | fujeri |
82 | knee | jā́nu | jānu | ghuṭnā | ghuṭnā | ghũḍā | ṭhēhunā | goḍe | ɠoɗā | goᶑo | ghū̃ṭaṇ | guḍghā | dopor | ãthu | hãṭu | aṇṭhu | | dana hisa | kakū | chang |
83 | hand | hásta, pāṇí | hattha | hāth | hāth | hāt | hāth | hattha | hatth | hatha | hāth | hāt | hāt | hat | hat | hatô | | ata | at̊ | vast |
84 | wing | pakṣá | pakkha | paṅkh | bāzū, pankh | pakheṭā | pā̃kh | pakkha | par | paru | pā̃kh | paṅkha | paṅkha, pāṅkha | deuka, pakhi | pakha | ḍeṇa | | piyāpat | vara, fiyagaⁿḍu | phakh |
85 | belly | udára | udara | peṭ* | peṭ | peṭ, bhũḍī | pēṭ | ḍhiḍḍa, peṭ | ḍhiḍh | peṭu | peṭ | poṭ | poṭ | pet | peṭ | peṭô | | baḍa | baⁿḍu | per |
86 | guts | ántra, āntra, gudá | antavaṭṭi | antṛī | andarūn | ānadrā | antᵊṛī | himmat | āndr | āṇḍo | āntarḍā | ātḍe | neṭ | nari | bhuṛi | ôntô | | piṭa | gohoru | porr |
87 | neck | gala, grīvā́ | gīva | gardan* | gardan | gardan, ghicro | garᵊdan | gardan | ɠiccī | ɠicī | gaḷũ | gaḷā | gaḷo | diṅi | gola | bekô | | bella | karu | korr |
88 | back | pṛṣṭhá | piṭṭha | pīṭh | pīṭh | āṅ | pīṭh | piṭṭha | kanḍh | puṭhi | pīṭh | pāṭh | pichāḍẽ, pāṭhī | pithi | piṭh | piṭhi | | passa | burakaṣi | dumo |
89 | breast | stána | thana | chātī | sīnā | chātī, dūdh, stan | chātī, sīnā | chātī | sīnā, bubbā | chātī | chātī | chātī, stan | chātī, thān | buku | buk | stônô, chati | | tanē, piyayuruwa | kisfā | ćući |
90 | heart | hṛ́daya | hadaya | dil* | dil | muṭu, dil, man, hr̥daya | hīv, hirᵊday, dil | dil | dil, hā̃ | dil | haiyũ | hŕday | haḍḍẽ | hia, koliza, amothu | hridoẏ | hrudôyô | | hadawata, hita, ḷaya | hit̊ | ilo |
91 | liver | yákṛt | yakana | jigar*, kalejā* | jigar | kalejo | jigar, karējā* | kalejā, jigar | jigar, kalejā, zerā | jigaru | yakŕt, kāḷjũ | yakŕt, kāḷīj | yakŕt | zokrit, koliza* | kolija | jôkrutô, kôlija | | akmāwa | mē | puko |
92 | to drink | píbati | pivati | pīnā | pīnā | piunu | pīē | pīṇā | pīvaṇ | pīaṇu, piaṇu | pīvũ | piṇe | piyevce, pivce | khüa, pi kha, pi | pan | piiba | | bonawā | buin̊ | pijel |
93 | to eat | khā́dati, átti | adeti | khānā | khānā | khānu | khāē | khāṇā | khāvaṇ | khāiṇu | khāvũ | khāṇe | khāvce | kha | khaōẇa | khaiba | | kanawā | keun̊ | xal |
94 | to bite | dáśati | ḍasati | kāṭnā | kāṭnā | ṭoknu | kāṭē | cūṇḍṇā | paṭṭaṇ | cak haṇaṇu | backũ bharvũ | ċāvṇe | cāvce | kamür | kamṛanō | kamuṛiba | | ridawanawā | daigatun̊, dat̊eḷun̊ | dindalel |
95 | to suck | dháyati | cūsati | cūsnā | cūsnā | cusnu | cūsē | cūsṇā | cūpaṇ | cūpaṇu, cūsaṇu | cūsvũ | ċokhṇe | cokhce | suh, sup, xüh | cōśa | cucumiba, cuṣiba | | uranawā | buin̊ | chuchi pel |
96 | to spit | ṣṭhī́vati | oṭṭhubhati | thūknā | thūknā | thuknu | thūkē | thukkaṇā | thukk saṭṭaṇ | thukaṇu | thū̃kvũ | thuṅkṇe | thukce | thu pela | chêp, thutu | chepô pôkaiba | | keḷagahanawā | kuḷujehun̊ | shungardel |
97 | to vomit | vámati | vamati | ulṭī karnā, ulṭī mārnā | ulṭī karnā, ulṭī mārnā, qai karnā | vāntā garnu, wāknu | क़ई करे | ulaṭī karnā | ulṭī karaṇ, uɓaṭṭe āvaṇ | okaṇu, ulṭī karṇu | ulaṭī karvī | okṇe | voṅkce | bomi kor | bomi | banti kôriba | | wamane yanawā | hoḍulun̊ | shandel |
98 | to blow | vā́ti | dhamati | phū̃knā | phū̃knā | phuknu, bajāunu | phū̃kē | phūkṇā | phūkaṇ | phūkaṇu | phū̃kvũ | phuṅkṇe | phūk mārce | phu de | phũ deōẇa | phuṅkiba | | tappulanawā | fumun̊ | phurdel |
99 | to breathe | ániti | sasati | sā̃s lenā | sā̃ns lenā | sās phernu, sās linu | sā̃s lēvē | sāh laiṇā | sāh ghinnaṇ | sāhu khaṇṇu | śvās levo, śvasvũ | śvās gheṇe | śvās ghevce | uxah lo | śśaś neōẇa | niśwasô neba | | hamanawā | nēvālun̊ | sufla lel |
100 | to laugh | smáyate, hásati | hasati | hãsnā | hãsnā | hā̃snu | hãsē | hassaṇā | khillaṇ | khilaṇu | hasvũ | hasṇe | hāsce | hãh | haśa | hôsiba | | hināwenawā | hunun̊ | asal |
101 | to see | páśyati*, dṛś* | dakkhati | dikhnā*, dekhnā* | dikhnā*, dekhnā* | hernu, dekhnu | dēkhē | vekhṇā | ɗekhaṇ | disaṇu | jovũ | disṇe*, pāhṇe, baghṇe | pavce, paḷavce | dekh | dekha | dekhiba | | dakinawā, balanawā | belun̊ | dikhel |
102 | to hear | śṛṇóti | suṇāti | sunnā | sunnā | sunnu | sunē | suṇnā | suṇaṇ | ɓudhaṇu | sā̃bhaḷvũ | aikṇe | aikce, aikuñce | xun | śōna | śuṇiba | | æhenawā | ivun̊ | śunel |
103 | to know | jānā́ti | jānāti | jānnā | jānnā | cinnu, jānnu | jānē | jāṇnā | ʄāṇaṇ | ʄāṇaṇu | jāṇvũ | māhīt asṇe, j̈āṇṇe, oḷakhṇe* | jāṇce, gottu āsce, kaḷce | zan | jana | jaṇiba | | dannawā | eⁿgun̊ | ʒanel |
104 | to think | mányate, cintayati | cinteti | socnā | socnā | socnu, vicār garnu | sōcē | socṇā | socaṇ | socaṇu, xiyālu karaṇu | vicārvũ | vicār karṇe | citce | bhabo | bhaba | bhabiba | | hitanawā | visnun̊ | gindil |
105 | to smell | jíghrati | gandha | sūṅghnā | sū̃ghnā | sũghnu | sūṅghē | suṅghṇā | siṅghaṇ | suṅghaṇu, siṅghaṇu | suṅghvũ | vās gheṇe, huṅgṇe | vās ghevce | xuṅ | śō̃ka | śuṅghiba | | nidanawā | vasbelun̊ | sungal |
106 | to fear | bibhéti, bháyate* | dara | ḍarnā | ḍarnā | ḍarāunu | ḍarē | ḍarnā | ɗaraṇ | ḍiʄaṇu | ḍarvũ | ghābarṇe, bhiṇe | bhivce | bhoy kha | bhoẏ kora, ḍora | ḍôriba | | tætigannawā | birugatun̊ | daral |
107 | to sleep | svápiti | supati | sonā | sonā | sutnu | sutē | sauṇā | sumhaṇ | sumhaṇu | ū̃ghavũ | j̈hopṇe, nij̈ṇe | nhiduñce | xu | ghumanō | śoiba | | nidā gannawā, nidanawā | nidun̊ | sovel |
108 | to live | jī́vati | jīvati | jīnā | jīnā | bā̃cnu, jiunu | jīē | jiūṇā | jīvaṇ, rahvaṇ | jīaṇu | jīvvũ | j̈agṇe | jagce | ziai thak | bãca | rôhiba | | jīwat wenawā, siṭinawā | dirihurun̊ | zhuvel |
109 | to die | mriyáte | marati | marnā | marnā | marnu | marē | marnā | maraṇ | maraṇu | marvũ | marṇe | marce | mor | mora | môrijiba | | mærenawā, miyanawā, miya yanawā | maruvun̊ | merel |
110 | to kill | hánti | māreti | mārnā | mārnā | mārnu | mārē | mārnā | māraṇ | māraṇu | mārvũ | mārṇe | mārce | mar, mari pela | mara, mere phela | mariba | | maranawā | merun̊ | mudarel |
111 | to fight | yúdhyate | yodheti | laṛnā | laṛnā | laḍnu | laṛē | laṛnā | bhiṛaṇ | viṛhaṇu | laḍvũ | laḍhṇe | jhagaḍce | zũz | loṛa | juddhô kôriba, lôḍhiba | | saṭan karanna | taḷāfoḷun̊ | marel |
112 | to hunt | veti | migava | śikār karnā* | śikār karnā | sikār garnu | śikār karē | ṭolṇā | śikār karaṇ | śikāru karaṇu | śikār karvo | śikār karṇe | śikār karce | sikar kor | śikar kora | śikarô kôriba, goḍeiba | | daḍayam karanawā | sikāra (noun) | mudarel |
113 | to hit | hánti, tāḍáyati | abhihanati | mārnā | mārnā | hānnu | mārē | jaṛnā | ṭakrāvaṇ | māraṇu | mārvũ, ṭhokvũ | mārṇe | mārap | pit | mara | piṭiba, baḍeiba | | gahanawā | jehun̊ | chalavel |
114 | to cut | kṛntáti | karati | kāṭnā | kāṭnā | kāṭnu | kāṭē | kaṭṭaṇā | kappaṇ | vaḍhaṇu | kāpvũ | kāpṇe | kātrap, kāpap, tāsap | kat | kaṭa | kaṭiba | | kapanawā | kefun̊, fotikurun̊ | shinel |
115 | to split | bhinátti | bhindati | baṇṭnā | bā̃ṭnā* | bā̃ḍnu, chuṭṭāunu | baṇṭē | pāṛnā | cīraṇ, pāṛaṇ | cīraṇu, ᶑāraṇu | bhāg karvo, bhāgvũ | vāṭṇe*, cirṇe* | bhesā̃ jāvap | bhoga | bibhokto kora | phaṛiba, ciriba, bhagô kôriba, phaḷô kôriba | | bedā gannawā | baikurun̊, feḷun̊ | pharravel |
116 | to stab | vídhyati | chūriyāhanati | bhoṅknā | bhoṅknā | ghopnu | khōbhē | khobhṇā | | haṇaṇu | bhoṅkvũ | bhosakṇe | surī romap | khü̃s | chōra mara | prôharô kôriba, churi mariba | | pihiyakin aninawā | herun̊ | pusavel |
117 | to scratch | likháti | likhati | kharoñcnā | khuracnā | kotarnu | kharōñcē | gharūṇḍṇā | khanhaṇ | khanahaṇu | khaṇvũ | khāj̈avṇe | karpuñce | ãsür | khamcanō | rampuṛiba | | sūranawā | kehun̊ | xarundel |
118 | to dig | khánati | khaṇati | khodnā | khodnā | khannu | khōdē | puṭṭaṇā | khaṭṭaṇ | khoṭaṇu | khodvũ | khodṇe, khaṇṇe | khaṇap | khando | khō̃ṛanō | khoḷiba | | kaṇinawā | kon̊nun̊, kon̊ṇun̊ | hunavel |
119 | to swim | plávate | pilavati | tairnā | tairnā | pauḍinu | tairē | tairnā | taraṇ | taraṇu | tarvũ | pohṇe | phirap | xãtür | śãtranō | pôhỗriba | | pihinanawā | fetun̊ | plemel |
120 | to fly | pátati | uḍḍeti | uṛnā | uṛnā | uḍnu | uṛē | uḍḍaṇā | uɗaṇ, uɗraṇ | uᶑiraṇu | uḍavũ | uḍṇe | uḍap | ur | ōṛa | uṛiba | | igilenawā, piyaᵐbanawā | uduhun̊ | ural |
121 | to walk | éti, gácchati, cárati | carati | calnā | calnā | hĩḍnu | calē, calāvē | turnā | ṭuraṇ | halaṇu | cālvũ | ċālṇe | calap, vacap, yevap | khüz karh | hãṭa | caliba | | æwidinawā | hiⁿgun̊ | phirel |
122 | to come | ā́gacchati | āyāti, āgacchati | ānā | ānā | āunu | āvē | āuṇā | āvaṇ | acaṇu | āvavũ | yeṇe | pāvap | ah | aśa | asiba | | enawā | aun̊ | avel |
123 | to lie (as in a bed) | śéte | seti | leṭnā | leṭnā | tersinu, palṭinu | lēṭē | leṭṇā, paiṇā | leṭaṇ | leṭaṇu | suvũ | āḍve hoṇe | | bagor | śōẇa | pôḍi rôhiba | | wætirenawā | oṣōṭun̊ | pashlyol |
124 | to sit | sī́dati | nisīdati | baiṭhnā | baiṭhnā | basnu | baiṭhē | bahiṇā | ɓahvaṇ | vehaṇu | besvũ | basṇe | basap | boh | bośa | bôsiba | | iⁿdagannawā | iṣīnun̊ | beśel |
125 | to stand | tíṣṭhati | tiṭṭhati | khaṛā honā | khaṛā honā | uṭhnu | ṭhāṛ hōvē | khaṛhnā | khaṛaṇ, uṭhīcaṇ | uṭhaṇu | ūbhavũ, ūbhā rahevũ | ubhe rāhṇe | sousap | thi ho | dãṛanō | ṭhia heba | | siṭinawā | koḷahhurun̊ | tordyol |
126 | to turn (intransitive) | vártate | vaṭṭati | muṛnā | muṛnā | moḍnu | muṛē | muṛnā | muṛaṇ | varaṇu | vāḷvũ | vaḷṇe | badlap | pak mar | ghōra | olôṭeiba | | kærakæwenawā | eᵐburun̊ | boldel |
127 | to fall | pádyate | patati | girnā | girnā | khasnu | girē | ḍiggaṇā | ḍhāvaṇ | giraṇu | paḍvũ | paḍṇe | paḍap, gaḷap | par | poṛa | pôṛiba | | wæṭenawā | veṭṭun̊ | perel |
128 | to give | dádāti | dadāti | denā | denā | dinu | dēvē | deṇā | ɗevaṇ | diaṇu | āpavũ | deṇe | dān karap | de | deōẇa | deba | | denawā | dinun̊ | del |
129 | to hold | dhárati | dharati | pakaṛnā | pakaṛnā | linu, samātnu | pakᵊṛē | phaṛnā | nappaṇ | jhalaṇu | pakaḍvũ | dharṇe | pakḍap | dhor | dhora | dhôriba | | allanawā | hifeheṭṭun̊ | xutyilel |
130 | to squeeze | mṛdnā́ti | nippīḷeti | dabānā, nicoṛnā* | dabānā, nicoṛnā* | nicornu, dabāunu | nacōṛē | nacoṛnā | ghuṭṭaṇ | nipūṛaṇu | nīcovvũ | piḷṇe, cepṇe, dābṇe | piḷap | sep, hẽs | cep- | dôbeiba, cipiba, cipuṛiba, nigaḍiba | | mirikanawā | fitun̊ | kikidel |
131 | to rub | ghárṣati | ghaṃsati | malnā | malnā | ghoṭnu | malē | maḷnā | raɠṛaṇ | mahṭaṇu | ghasvũ | ghāsṇe*, ċolṇe | ghāusap | ghõh | ghośa | ghôṣiba | | atullanawā | un̊gulhun̊ | morel |
132 | to wash | kṣā́layati | dhopati | dhonā | dhonā | dhunu | dhōvē | dhoṇā | dhovaṇ | dhoaṇu | dhovũ | dhuṇe | | dhü | dhōẇa | dhoiba | | sōdanawā | dovun̊ | thovel |
133 | to wipe | mā́rṣṭi | majjati | poñchnā | poñchnā | puchnu | pōñchē | hūñjhṇā | pū̃jhaṇ | ughaṇu | lūchvũ | pusṇe | phāsap, pusap | müs | mōcha | pochiba | | pisanawā | fohun̊ | khosel |
134 | to pull | kárṣati | khaḍḍati | khīñcnā | khīncnā | tānnu | khīñcē | khiccaṇā | chikkaṇ | chikaṇu | kheñcvũ | kheċṇe, oḍhṇe | oḍap, toḍap | tan | ṭana | ṭaṇiba | | adinawā | demun̊ | cirdel |
135 | to push | nudáti | nudati | dhakkā denā, dhakkā mārnā | dhakkā denā, dhakkā mārnā | dhakelnu | dhakkēlē | dhakkaṇā | dhakkā dīvaṇ | dhikaṇu | dhakko mārvo | ḍhakalṇe | | thel | ṭhela | dhôkka deba, ṭheliba | | tallu karanawā | koppun̊ | pizdel |
136 | to throw | kṣipáti | khipati | pheṅknā | pheṅknā | phālnu | phēṅkē, bigē | suṭṭaṇā | saṭṭaṇ | uchlāiṇu | pheṅkvũ | phekṇe, ṭākṇe | uḍovap, ? | dolia | phela | phopaḍiba, chaṭiba, phiṅgiba | | wīsi karanawā | ellun̊ | shudel |
137 | to tie | badhnā́ti, bandhati | bandhati | bāndhnā | bā̃dhnā | bā̃dhnu, bānnu | bānhē | bannhṇā | ɓanhaṇ, ɓaddhaṇ | ɓadhaṇu | bā̃dhvũ | bāndhṇe | bāndhap | bandho | bãdha | bandhiba | | gæṭa gasanawā | essun̊ | phandel |
138 | to sew | sī́vyati | sibbati | sīnā | sīnā | siunu, silāunu | sīvē | siūṇā | sīvaṇ | sibaṇu | sīvvũ | śivṇe | śiuvap | sila | ṭãka | silai kôriba | | mahanawā | fehun̊ | suvel |
139 | to count | gáṇayati, kálate | gaṇeti | ginnā | ginnā | gannu | ginē | giṇnā | ɠiṇaṇ | gaṇaṇu | gaṇvũ | moj̈ṇe | gaṇnā karap | gon | gōna | gôṇiba | | gaṇinawā | gunun̊ | ginavel |
140 | to say | vákti | vatti | kahnā, bolnā* | kahnā, bolnā* | bhannu, bolnu | kahē | ākhaṇā | ākhaṇ | cavaṇu | bolvũ | bolṇe*, mhaṇṇe | mhaṇap | ko | bola | kôhiba | | kiyanawā, pawasanawā, katā karanawā | bunun̊ | phenel |
141 | to sing | gā́yati | gāyati | gānā | gānā | gāunu | gāvē | gāuṇā | ɠāvaṇ | gāiṇu | gāvũ | gāṇe | gāvap | ga | gaōẇa | gaiba | | gayanawā | lavakiyun̊ | gilyabel |
142 | to play | dī́vyati | kīḷati | khelnā | khelnā | khelnu | khēlē | kheḍṇā | kheɗaṇ | kheḍaṇu | ramvũ | kheḷṇe | | khel | khela | kheḷiba | | sellam karanawā | kuḷun̊ | khelel |
143 | to float | plávate | palavati | tairnā | tairnā | tairinu | tairē, tairāvē | tārnā | taraṇ | taraṇu | tarvũ, tarāvvũ | taraṅgṇe | pātḷāvap | üpoṅ, bhah | bhaśa | bhaṣiba | | pāwenawā | oyādiun̊ | urnel |
144 | to flow | sárati, kṣárati | dhāvati | bahnā | bahnā | bagnu | bahē | vagṇā | vāhaṇ | vahaṇu | vahevũ | vāhṇe | vhāuvap | bo | boha | bôhiba | | galanawā | oi demun̊ | shordyol |
145 | to freeze | śī́yate | sīyati | jamnā | jamnā | jamnu | jamē | jammṇā | ʄam vanʄaṇ | ʄamaṇu | ṭhārvũ, ṭharvũ | goṭhṇe | goṭhap | phriz kor | joma | jômi jiba | | kæṭi karanawā | gaⁿḍukurun̊ | pahosajvel |
146 | to swell | śváyati | phāti | sūjnā | sūjnā | sunninu | sūjē | sujjaṇā | suʄʄaṇ | suʄaṇu | sujī javũ, sojo āvavo | phugṇe*, suj̈ṇe | vāḍap, sujap | phul | phãpa | phuliba | | idimenawā | duḷavun̊ | shulyol |
147 | sun | sū́rya, ravi, sū́ra, bhāskara | suriya | sūraj | sūraj | ghām, sūrya | sūraj | sūraj | ɗẽh, sijjh | siju, sūraju | sūrya, suraj | sūrya | sūrya | beli | śurjo | surjyô | | iru | iru | kham |
148 | moon | mā́sa, candramas, candrá | canda | cānd | cānd | jun, candramā | cān | cann | can | canḍu | candra, cā̃d | candra | candra | zün | cãd | côndrô, jôhnô | | haⁿda | haⁿdu | ćhon |
149 | star | nákṣatra, stṛ́, tārā | tārakā | tārā | sitārā | tārā | tārā | tārā | tārā | tāro | tāro | tārā | tāro | tora | tara | tara | | taru | tari | ćexrain |
150 | water | jalá, áp, pānīya, vā́ri, udán, toja | jala, āpa | pānī | pānī | pānī | pānī | pāṇī | pāṇī | pānī | pāṇī | pāṇī | udak, tej, pāṇī, jal | pani | pani, jol | paṇi | | watura | fen̊ | pani |
151 | rain | varṣá | vassa | bāriś* | bāriś | varṣā, pānī parnu, jharī | barᵊkhā | mī̃h | mī̃h | mī̃hũ | varsād | pāūs | pāvas, śiuvar | boroxun | briśṭi | bôrṣa | | wæssa | vārē | briśind |
152 | river | nadī́ | nadī | nadī | nadī | nadī | nadī | nadī | daryā | nadī | nadī | nadī | nhaiya, nadī | noi, nodi | nodi | nôdi | | gaⁿga, oya | kōru | len |
153 | lake | sáras | sara | jhīl | jhīl | tāl | tāl | jhīl | jhīl, ḍhãḍh | ḍhanḍha | sarovar, taḷāv | sarovar | taḷī | bil | hrod | hrôdô | | wila | kuḷi | baro paji |
154 | sea | samudrá | samudda | samandar | samundar | samundra | samundar | samundar | samandar | samundu | sāyar | samudra | daryā, samudra | xagor | śomudro | sômudrô | | muhudu, sayura | kaⁿḍu | marja |
155 | salt | lavaṇá | loṇa | namak* | namak | nun | nimak, nūn | lūṇ | lūṇ | lūṇu | mīṭhũ, kṣār | mīṭh | mīṭh | nimokh, nun | nun, lobon | luṇô | | luṇu | lonu, loṇu | lon |
156 | stone | áśman | asama | patthar | patthar | ḍhuṅgā, patthar | patthal | patthar | patthar | patharu | paththar | dagaḍ | phātar | xil, pathor | pathor | pôthôrô, goḍi | | gala | gā | barr |
157 | sand | pāṃsú, śíkatā | sikatā | ret | ret | bāluwā | bālū | ret | ret | vārī | retī | vāḷū | reuva | bali | bali | bali | | wæli | veli | kiśaj |
158 | dust | reṇú | reṇu | dhūl | dhūl | dhulo | garᵊdā | dhūṛ | dhūṛ | miṭī | dhūḷ | dhūḷ | piṭho | dhuli | dhula | dhuḷi | | pasa | hirafus | praxo |
159 | earth | kṣám, pṛthvī́ | bhūmi | dhartī | zamīn | dhartī, pr̥thvī | ज़मीन, dharᵊtī | zamīn, dhartī | bhūī̃, zamīn | dhartī, zamīna | dhartī | pŕthvī | jamīn, bhūiya | prithiwi | maṭi | pruthwi, maṭi, bhumi | | bima, poḷowa | fas | phuv |
160 | cloud | nábhas, meghá | megha | bādal | bādal | bādal | badᵊrī | baddal | baddal | kakaru | vādaḷ | ḍhag | kūp | megh | megh | meghô | | wæli | vilā | noro |
161 | fog | míh | mahikā | dhundh | dundh | kuiro | dhundh, kuhā | kohrā, dhund | dhund, kuhīṛ | kohīṛo | dhummas | dhuke | dhukẽ | kũwoli, nir | kuẏaśa | kuhuṛi | | mīduma | bōdun̊fini | muglya |
162 | sky | ākāśá | akāsa | āsmān* | āsmān | ākāś | asᵊmān | asamān | āsmān | āsmānu | ābha | ākāś | ākāś | akax | akaś | akaśô, gôgônô | | ahasa | uḍu | cheri |
163 | wind | vāyú, vā́ta | vāta | havā* | havā | hāwā | havā | havā | havā | vāu | havā | vārā | vāyū | botah | bataś | pôbônô, bayu | | suḷaⁿga | vai | balval |
164 | snow | himá, tuṣāra, tuhina | hima | barf* | barf | hiũ | बरफ़ | baraf | baraf | barfa | baraph | barpha | jhel | boroph | boroph | bôrôphô, tuṣarô | | hima | sunō | iv |
165 | ice | himá | phāti | barf* | barf | baraph | बरफ़ | baraf | baraf | barfa | baraph | barpha | jhel | boroph | boroph | bôrôphô, himô | | himakæṭa | gaⁿḍufen̊ | paho |
166 | smoke | dhūmá | dhūma | dhuā̃ | dhūā̃ | dhuwā̃ | dhuā̃ | dhū̃ā̃ | dhū̃ā̃ | dū̃hõ | dhumāḍo | dhūr | dhuuvar | dhü̃a | dhō̃ẇa | dhuã | | duma | dun̊ | thuv |
167 | fire | agní | aggi | āg | āg | āgo | āg | agga | bhāh | bāhi | āga | āg | ujo | zui | agun | niã | | gini | alifān̊ | jag |
168 | ash | ā́sa | bhasma | rākh | rākh | kharānī | rākh | suāha, rākh | suā, kerī | chāī | rākh | rākh | rākh | sai | chai | paũśô | | mārga | aḷi | ushar |
169 | to burn | dahati | dahati | jalnā*, jalānā* | jalnā | jalnu | jarē | sāṛnā | ɓallaṇ | ɓaraṇu | bāḷvũ | j̈aḷṇe | jaḷap | zola | pōṛa*, jola* | jôḷiba, poṛiba | | puccanawā | eⁿdun̊ | phabol |
170 | road | patha, ádhvan, mārga | patha, magga | saṛak | saṛak | bāṭo, saḍak | saṛak, rahtā, rastā | saṛak | saṛk, rastā | rasto | rasto | rastā | rasto | ali, bat | rasta, poth | sôṛôkô, rasta, baṭô | | pāra, maⁿga | magu | drom |
171 | mountain | girí, párvata | pabbata, giri | pahāṛ | pahāṛ | pahāḍ | pahāṛ | pahāṛ | ravā, pahāṛ | jabalu | pahāḍ | ḍoṅgar | doṅgar | pahar | pahaṛ | pôhaṛô, pôrbôtô, giri | | kanda, giri | farubada | plaj |
172 | red | rakta, róhita | lohita | lāl* | surx, lāl | rāto | lāl | lāl, rattā | rattā, lāl | gāṛho | lāl | lāl | lāl | roṅa | lal | lalô, nali | | ratu | rat̊ | lolo |
173 | green | harit, harita, pā́lāśa, palāśa | hari | harā | sabz | hariyo | harīyar | harā | sāvā | sāo | līlo | hirve | pācva͠u | xeuzia | śobuj | sôbujô, śagua | | koḷa | fehi | zèleno |
174 | yellow | pīta, pītala | pīta | pīlā | pīlā | pahẽlo | pīyar | pīlā | pīlā | phiko | pīḷo | pivḷe | haḷduvo | halodhia | holud | hôḷôdia | | kaha | rīⁿdū | gàlbeno |
175 | white | śvetá | sukka | safed* | safed | seto | ujjar | ciṭṭā, gorā | ciṭṭā, bagga | acho | saphed | pāṇḍhre | dhavo | boga | śada | dhôbôḷô | | sudu | hudu | parno |
176 | black | kṛṣṇá | kanha | kālā* | siyāh | kālo | kariyā | kālā | kālā | kāro | kāḷo | kāḷe | kāḷo | köla | kalō | kôḷa | | kaḷu | kaḷu | kalo |
177 | night | rā́tri, nákti, kṣáp, rajanī | ratti | rāt | rāt | rāt, rāti | rāt | rāt | rāt | rāti | rāt | rātra | rāt | rati | ratri, rat | rati, ôndharô | | rǣ | rēgaⁿḍu | rat |
178 | day | diná, áhar, divasa | diva, aṇha | din | din | dina | din | din | ɗī̃hā | ᶑīhũ | divas | divas | dīs | din | din | dinô | | dawasa, dā | duvālu, duvas | dives |
179 | year | varṣá, saṃvatsara | vassa, sanvacchara | sāl* | sāl | varṣa | sāl | sāl | sāl | sālu | varas | varṣa | varsa | bosor | bochor | bôrṣô | | awurudda | aharu | berś |
180 | warm | taptá | ghamma | garm* | garm | nyāno, garam | garam | garam | tattā | koso, garamu | garam | garam, ubdār | garam | topot, gorom | gorom | gôrômô | | uṇusum | bā, bau | tato |
181 | cold | śītá | sīta | ṭhaṇḍā* | sard, ṭhaṇḍā | ṭhaṇḍā, ciso | ṭhaṇḍā | ṭhaṇḍā | ṭhaḍhā | thadho | ṭhaṇḍu | gār, thaṇḍa | thaṇḍa | sẽsa, thanda | ṭhanḍa | thôṇḍa | | sisil | fini | śudro |
182 | full | pūrṇá | puṇṇa | pūrā | pūrā | bharī, purai | pūrā | pūrā | pūrā | bharyal | bharelũ | sampūrṇa | purāy | bhora, pura | bhora | purṇṇô, bhôrti | | pura | furifai | pherdo |
183 | new | náva, nū́tana | nava | nayā | nayā | nayā̃ | nāyā | navā̃ | navā̃ | naõ | navũ | nave, navīn | navẽ | notun | notun | nua, nutônô | | alut | ā, au | nevo |
184 | old | jīrṇá, vṛddhá, purātana | vuḍḍha | purānā | purānā | purāno | purān | purāṇā | ɓuḍḍhā, purāṇā | purāṇo, poṛho | junũ | j̈une | purātan | purona | puranō | puruṇa, buḍha | | paraṇa | | purano |
185 | good | vásu, bhadrá | bhaddaka, sundara | acchā | acchā | rāmro | baṛhiyā̃ | caṅgā | caṅɠā̃ | suṭho, bhalo | sārũ | cāṅgle | barẽ | bhal | bhalō | bhôlô | | hoⁿda | raⁿgaḷu | laćho |
186 | bad | pāpá, duṣṭa | pāpa | burā | burā, xarāb | narāmro | ख़राब | burā, xarāb | gandā, xarāb | xarābu, kiṇo, maṭho | kharāb | vāīṭ | kuśillẽ | bea | kharap | khôrapô | | naraka | nubai, gōs | nasul |
187 | rotten | pū́ti | pūtika | saṛā | bosīdāh, saṛā | kuieko | saṛal | saṛiā | ɠalel hoyā | ɠaryal | saḍelũ | kuj̈ke | kuśil | gela | poca | pôca, sôḍha | | pūti | fī | kerno |
188 | dirty | malina, samala | malina | gandā* | gandā | mailo | gandā | gandā | gandā, mailā | mero | gandu | ghāṇ | mheḷẽ | letera | moẏla | ôsôna, môiḷa | | apirisidu | haḍi | melalo |
189 | straight | ṛjú, sādhú | ujju | sīdhā | sīdhā | sīdhā | sīdhā | siddhā | siddhā | sidho | sīdhũ | saraḷ | saraḷ | pün | śōja | sidha | | keḷin | sīdā | vorta |
190 | round | vṛttá, vartula | guḷa | gol | gol | golo | gōl | gol | gol | golu | goḷ | gol | golākār | gül | gōl | golô | | waṭaya | vaṣ̊ | oblo |
191 | sharp (as a knife) | tīkṣṇá | tikkha | tīkhā | tīkhā | tikho | तेज़ | tez | tikkhā, tez | tikho, tez | dhārdār | tīkṣṇa | tikhaṭ | süka | cōkkha | tikṣṇô | | tiyuṇu | tūnu | kucime |
192 | dull (as a knife) | kuṇṭha | kuṇtha | kund* | kund | bodho | bhōthar | khuṇḍhā | kaudan, ahmaq | muᶑo | buṭhṭhũ | bothaṭ | | bhüta | bhō̃ta | ônthôṛa | | moṭa | koṣi | bikucime |
193 | smooth | ślakṣṇá, snigdhá | saṇha | ciknā | hamvār, narm | samma, salala | cikan | kūḷā, ciknā | barābar, padhrā, siddhā | laso | līsũ | guḷguḷīt | lāghvī | mihi, sikun | mosrin | cikkôṇô | | siniⁿdu | omān̊ | samtalo |
194 | wet | ārdrá, klinná | adda | gīlā | gīlā | gīlo, bhijeko | bhīñjal | bhijja | sinnā̃ | ālo | bhīnũ | ole | olẽ | tita, bhiza | bheja | oda, tinta, bhija | | tet | tet̊ | kindyilo |
195 | dry | śúṣka | sukkha | sūkhā | xuśk | sukkhā | sūkhal | sukkā | sukkā | sukal | sukũ, korũ | korḍe, suke | sukẽ | xukan | śukona | śukhila | | wiyaḷi | hiki, dahaⁿgu | shuko |
196 | correct | śuddhá, satyá | utu | sahī* | ṭhīk, sahī, durust | sahī, ṭhīk | sahī | sahī | darust, sahīh, ṭhīk | sahi | sācũ | barobar | sat | xuddho | ṭhik | ṭhikô | | niwæradi | raⁿgaḷu | |
197 | near | neda*, prati* | antika | pās | pās, qarīb, nazdīk | najik | niyarē | koḷ, neṛe | neṛe, kolho | vejho | najīk, pāse | j̈avaḷ | samīp | üsor, kax | kache | nikôṭô, pakhô | | asala | kairi | pashe |
198 | far | dūrá | dūra | dūr | dūr | ṭāḍhā | dūr | dūr | parẽ | pare | dūr | dūr, lāmba | payśillẽ | dur | dur | durô | | dura | duru | dur |
199 | right | dákṣiṇa | dakhiṇa | dāyā̃, dāhinā | dāyā̃, dāhinā | dāhine, dāyā̃ | dāyā̃ | sajjā | saʄʄā | saʄo | jamṇũ | uj̈ve | ujvo | xü̃ | ḍan | ḍahaṇô | | dakuṇu | kanātu | chacho |
200 | left | savyá | vāma | bāyā̃ | bāyā̃ | bāhine, bāyā̃ | bāyā̃ | khabbā | khaɓɓā | khaɓo | ḍābũ | ḍāve | dāvo | baü̃ | bã, bam | bã, bamô | | wama | vāatu | stungo |
201 | at | locative case | locative case | pe, par, mẽ* | pe, par, mẽ* | mā | par | utte, 'te | ute, te | te | e | locative and dative cases, ʻinʼ, deictic pronouns, kaḍe | cer | -t | -e | re | | locative case | gai-* | kaj |
202 | in | locative case | antara | mẽ, ke andar* | mẽ, ke andar* | mā, bhitra | mē̃ | vicca | ic, vic | mẽ | andar | madhye, āt | bhitar | -t | -e | bhitôre | | tuḷa | terēgai | anθ- |
203 | with | sahá | saha | ke sāth | ke sāth | saṅga | kē sāthē | nāl | nāl | sā̃, gaᶑ | sāthe | barobar, sah | lāgī̃ | (-r) xoite | -ro śathe, -ro śoṅge | saṅge | | samaga | ekuga | -ça |
204 | and | ca | ca | aur | aur | ra | aur | ate, te | ate, te | a͠i | ane | āṇi | ānī | aru | ar, ō, eboṅ | au, ebôṁ, o | | hā | āi, adi | thaj |
205 | if | yádi | yadi | agar* | agar | yadi | agar | je | je | jekaᶑahin | jo | j̈ar | jar | zodi | jodi | jôdi | | nam, naṁ | nama- | te |
206 | because | hí | yāvatā | kyoṅki* | kyūṅki | kinabhane, kinaki | kāhēki | kiuṅki | kīū̃jo | chālāi, inhai kare | kāraṇke, kemke | kāraṇ (kī)* | lāgūn | karon | karon | karôṇô, hetu, boli, jogu | | nisā | ehen̊ve | ke |
207 | name | nā́man | nāma | nām | nām | nām, nāũ | nāv | nā̃ | nā̃ | nālo | nām | nāv | nāuva | nam | nam | namô | | nama | nan̊ | anav |
Swadesh lists |
Individual languages |
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Language families, family branches, and geographic groupings |
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Constructed languages |
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Reconstructed proto-languages |
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