Appendix:Natchez Swadesh list

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Natchez Swadesh list selected from van Tuyl (1979):[1]

van Tuyl (1979)[edit]

No. Gloss Natchez Notes (Natchez)
1 I takä-́ha, tagäʼɣa I, me (personal pronouns)
2 you (singular) akäʼha
3 he ishiná Also, she, it.
4 we taká'hni Also, us.
5 you (plural) ahá'hni
6 they mánawá, mána wá, ishiná'hni
7 this káya
8 that maná Also, that is.
9 here mak, ... káya, kayá Also, this.
10 there maa-k, ... manú'h
11 who átskan This is the interrogative pronoun.
12 what kōs Also, who is it?
13 where taká (ta-kǔʼh)
14 when tawit Also, whenever.
15 how kos tehilatchi̇́k
16 not hāt, āt Also, a general negative particle.
17 all látashi
18 many talúin Also, more, much. Distributive form is talutalu-in
19 some
20 few si̇́tcha
21 other hiákwal Also, another.
22 one wi̇́tan, wi̇̄ʼdan Form with -d- is more common.
23 two áwiti, áwa Abbreviated form.
24 three nēʼdi
25 four kináwiti Lit. "twice two". Two is literally "one again".
26 five ishpi̇́di
27 big liikip, li̇̄kipi, lēkep, lehkip
28 long watákupin, ... watákupi
29 wide ʔepetkup, ... epetkūpi
30 thick luk̃átgup Distributive form lukatlukátgup. Refers to water and the like.
31 heavy kwentchi̇́pi
32 small mudshi̇́u('h)
33 short mútsmutskup, mútskup, ... motchmotchikitî, ... mocmockup
34 narrow shäʼkup, shäʼgup. Distributive form is shäkshäk'kup ... toló-iti
35 thin
36 woman táma'l
37 man (adult male) tám kábina Also, male.
38 man (human being) tám kábina Also, male.
39 child tschi̇́dshi, támiu'h Also, baby
40 wife ʔaaL
41 husband kápina
42 mother kwáli-ish, kwálish Also, aunt.
43 father ipi̇́s ni̇́sa cf., my father... abishnisha
44 animal
45 fish ʔen, ... äʼⁿ Also, trout.
46 bird shōχ᷄u'l
47 dog wáshkup
48 louse tán, táⁿ, ... tān
49 snake úla, ... úla
50 worm kitchipi̇́pini̇̄l
51 tree, wood cuu, ... tchú, tsú Also, wood.
52 forest tchu yánan
53 stick hánaksh Also, Adam's apple.
54 fruit tank patchi̇́lu
55 seed páhelush Also, crop.
56 leaf átul Also, leaf-like, paper, cardboard, and the like.
57 root îʼntchibi'l
58 bark (of a tree) ebésh
59 flower kúsh kahāp, kahāʼilūʼzhi, ... kaha-i̇̂lúsi, khvëlúse
60 grass éwel
61 rope aχtsigaχál, ... o'ltchitchakál
62 skin tóloksha ... tōtoks (or tóloks?)
63 meat winc, ... wi̇́ntchia, wi̇́ntsia Also, forehead
64 blood i̇̂ʼdsha, itch, itsh
65 bone ʔekʷel (e), ékuel
66 fat (noun) néhkʷ, ... he'hkwa, né'hkwēn, néhkwa, nék'v, né'kwa
67 egg éyet
68 horn ká'ma, kám, káᵐ, ... kumhmá
69 tail ʔisi, ... i̇̌ʼshia, ǐzhia, ishi wálak̃up, issi
70 feather itop (it-top)
71 hair etén, éden, ló, lóya etén also means scalp.
72 head āʼbuya
73 ear ibuk(a)
74 eye ʔuk-tuL, ... ókut'l, úktu'l
75 nose shamatch(a)
76 mouth ʔihi, ... íhia, ihi-
77 tooth ʔeNt, ... i̇́ⁿta, int
78 tongue (organ) ʔicak, ... i̇́dshak, i̇́dsak, ... itchuk, ... itsuk
79 fingernail
80 foot āʼta, āt, át
81 leg at látashi, ata Also, foot.
82 knee ókshoya, ... óksoya
83 hand i̇́zha
84 wing
85 belly i̇́wit, hi̇́wita
86 guts
87 neck kʷaht, ... kwáχta(k)
88 back oktûʼsû, ûsusa, úsus
89 breast shūʼya Also, nipple.
90 heart ʔiNc, ... untsayá, ûʼntsaya, untcháya, ... oontza Also, seed.
91 liver shûʼlgup, ... ehēnha
92 to drink cf. ha'nkú I drink.
93 to eat hágwalish
94 to bite hápnaf
95 to suck cuu-heluuʔis
96 to spit cuh-hakiis
97 to vomit
98 to blow puuW-hooʔis ... pû̄fhawish
99 to breathe helekshén breath. Also, spirit.
100 to laugh nutch'halis
101 to see cf. e'le'lāt I do not see, am blind.
102 to hear cf. epledá'l I hear.
103 to know tadsoχúk
104 to think cf. á-idav, á-idaf I think...
105 to smell cf. waktelú I smell
106 to fear
107 to sleep hanólis to sleep, to fall asleep
108 to live cf. ishinánan They are alive.
109 to die yúätil
110 to kill taháwis, ... tahanks (sing obj.), wewvthvlles (pl. obj.), ... appawe
111 to fight tuhitá'hnush
112 to hunt shúdef to hunt for. Also, to seek.
113 to hit cf. tadalāho I hit.
114 to cut tup'hagûʼ
115 to split dá'l, paaL-halʔis Lit. "to break off a piece"
116 to stab
117 to scratch kútnaf
118 to dig káshtef, ... kas'héwis, kus'hefsis
119 to swim hepnagi̇́k
120 to fly pekesnagi̇̂ʼk
121 to walk cf. taχt-á I walk
122 to come kataχtáho
123 to lie (as in a bed) cf. tasáhu I lie, am lying.
124 to sit pentsiá
125 to stand yukuhakiis, yukúnakik This is a plural form of lenaki̇̂kʼ.
126 to turn (intransitive) kakonohiskūs to turn around
127 to fall tchi̇́nagi̇̂k, ... tchihákis fall down
128 to give cf. yagupshi̇́k I give you, them.
129 to hold lehelu-i̇́s to hold out.
130 to squeeze
131 to rub tugúhalish
132 to wash tsuáhalish to wash oneself
133 to wipe kahabāli, kahabali̇́, kaha-állish, ... tukú'halish the nose with a hanker-chief
134 to pull itakup hagósh to pull a tooth of another. Contraction of i̇́ⁿta kup'hagósh
135 to push cf. tú'ltef He pushes him.
136 to throw mi̇̂ʼhalish to throw with
137 to tie kihélūs Also, to bind.
138 to sew puf'helūsh
139 to count kahentchi-is
140 to say maak-hooʔis, ... mák'hawish
141 to sing inukulahagi̇̄ʼsh
142 to play tillelě'hagi̇̂ʼsh
143 to float pakahákis
144 to flow
145 to freeze
146 to swell cf. ûʼshush púχumkup having a swelling or gibbosity
147 sun wit kwáχship Lit. "the day's luminary".
148 moon kwáship, kwa'hshiʼp, ... kwáχsipa
149 star tukûʼ'l, ... túku'l stars
150 water kuN, ... kûnha Abbreviations kûʼⁿg, kûʼn, kûʼⁿ.
151 rain nǎʼsh, naʼsh lalgubi̇̂ʼn Also, mist.
152 river ʔapal, ... wá'la, kúna, kún, kûʼⁿ, ábala, apál, kûʼn lálgubin e-unelúk.
153 lake áhvyv
154 sea wárv
155 salt wai̇́, wäi̇́, uwai̇́
156 stone úfǎ, ûʼf, ófa Also, rock.
157 sand húka, húgga, ... hókoa
158 dust
159 earth
160 cloud peχkuyá, pé'hkup, pehéku
161 fog wi̇̂t pûʼp'u, pûʼp'u Also, haze.
162 sky wita, ... nasookta
163 wind wifnelúk
164 snow kuáya, ... koayó-opik Also, ice, frost.
165 ice kuáya, ... koowatanul Also, frost, snow.
166 smoke pukaχnakîʼk, pukaχnalúk
167 fire ʔuwah, ... úwa, u-a, wá'h, ú-a hlúhu Also, blaze, gunpowder, match.
168 ash wilga, wi̇́'lk (wi̇́lthk) ashes
169 to burn lee-hakiis, ... neti̇́k
170 road ūʼya, ... ū Also, way.
171 mountain pútkup
172 red págup, pákup, pák̃up, pacup The sound ç is not native to Natchez.
173 green éwi̇̂l hayápin, kasáχtip hayap is sometimes used for yellow. kasáχtip sometimes means grey or light blue.
174 yellow hayaʔap, ... po-ó-kup, pó-okup
175 white kaháp Also, clean
176 black cokokop, shóχ-okop, tsúχuχup, tsúku-kup
177 night méyogup, túwa
178 day wi̇́ta, wit
179 year emekui̇́dan Also, summer.
180 warm hami̇́p Also, mild.
181 cold tsi̇́tak̃up, sitak̃̃up, tsitaɣ
182 full
183 new hina'hná
184 old áshtip, háshtip
185 good shoχoni̇̄n, shak̃oni̇́n, shoχoni̇́n
186 bad wádaksh Also, it is bad, no good.
187 rotten mólok̄up Distributive form is molok̃molok̃up ... mǔlokup, málokup.
188 dirty tche'-lána
189 straight labopkúp, ... kapúpkup, ... svpupkup Also, right, in the abstract sense.
190 round lutúpkup Also, circular.
191 sharp (as a knife) tchati̇̂χ́kip, ti̇̄χtip, tchatiχkip
192 dull (as a knife) tchati̇́ki̇́pāt
193 smooth lákafkup, ... lakúfkup
194 wet
195 dry káshtef to dry
196 correct
197 near yamatchitchi̇́nu
198 far wadá-u, watá-u ... wata-ú far away. Also, far off.
199 right
200 left
201 at
202 in
203 with
204 and mákup
205 if mákup náni
206 because
207 name inu i̇́sh

References[edit]

  1. ^ Bright, William and David L. Olmsted. 1959. A Shasta Vocabulary. Kroeber Anthropological Society Papers 20: 1-55.

See also[edit]

Vocabulary lists of Amerindian languages
North America

Amerindian • p-Amerind • p-Eskimo • p-Na-Dene • p-Athabaskan • p-Algonquian • Beothuk • p-Iroquoian • p-Siouan • Caddoan • Yuchi • Kutenai • Chinook • p-Sahaptian • p-Takelman • p-Kalapuyan • Alsea • p-Wintun • Klamath • Molala • Cayuse • Coos • Lower Umpqua • p-Utian • p-Yokuts • p-Maidun • p-Salishan • p-Wakashan • p-Chimakuan • p-Hokan • p-Palaihnihan • Chimariko • Shasta • Yana • p-Pomo • Esselen • Salinan • p-Chumash • Waikuri • p-Yuman • p-Yukian • Washo • p-Kiowa-Tanoan • p-Keresan • Coahuilteco • Comecrudo • Cotoname • Karankawa • Tonkawa • Maratino • Quinigua • Naolan • p-Muskogean • Natchez (Swadesh) • Atakapa • Adai • Timucua

Central America

p-Oto-Manguean • p-Oto-Pamean • p-Central Otomian • p-Otomi • p-Popolocan (p-Mazatec) • p-Chinantec • p-Mixtec • p-Zapotec • p-Uto-Aztecan • p-Aztecan • Purépecha (Swadesh) • Cuitlatec • p-Totozoquean • p-Totonacan • p-Mixe-Zoquean • Highland Chontal • Huamelultec • Tequistlatec • p-Huave • p-Mayan (Swadesh) • Xinca • p-Jicaque • p-Lencan • Lenca • p-Misumalpan

South America

p-Cariban • p-Taranoan • p-Chibchan • p-Barbacoan • Páez • p-Pano-Takanan • p-Panoan • p-Makú • Hupda • p-Tukanoan • p-Arawan • Harákmbut–Katukinan • p-Cahuapanan • p-Choco • p-Guahiban • p-Shuar • Candoshi • p-Shuar-Candoshi • Achuar • p-Nambikwaran • Tinigua • Timote • p-Lule-Vilela • Vilela • Chamacoco • Allentiac • Chaná • Arutani-Sape • p-Bora-Muinane • Bora • p-Witotoan • Witoto • p-Macro-Daha • Sáliba • Piaroa • Ticuna • Yuri • Caraballo • Andoque • p-Mataguayo • p-Guaicurú • Guachi • Payagua • Mura • Pirahã • Matanawi • Quechumaran • Quechuan • p-Zaparoan • p-Peba-Yagua • Iquito • p-Chapacuran • Andaqui • Guamo • Betoi • Kamsá • Otomacoan • Jirajaran • Hibito-Cholon • Cholón • Sechura-Catacao • Sechura • Culli • Mochica • Esmeralda • Taushiro • Urarina • Aiwa • Canichana • Guató • Irantxe • Aikanã • Kanoé (Swadesh) • Kwaza • Mato Grosso Arára • Munichi • Omurano • Puinave • Leco • Puquina • Ramanos • Warao • Yaruro • Yuracaré • Yurumangui

South America (NE Brazil)

Katembri • Taruma • Yatê • Xukurú • Natú • Pankararú • Tuxá • Atikum • Kambiwá • Xokó • Baenan • Kaimbé • Tarairiú • Gamela

South America (Arawakan)

p-Arawakan • p-Japurá-Colombia • p-Lokono-Guajiro • Wayuu • p-Mamoré-Guaporé • p-Bolivia • p-Mojeño • p-Purus

South America (Macro-Jê)

p-Macro-Jê • Rikbaktsa • p-Jê • Jeikó • p-Jabuti • p-Kamakã • Kamakã • Maxakali • Chiquitano • Dzubukua • Oti • p-Puri • p-Bororo

South America (Tupian)

p-Tupian • Puruborá • Karo • p-Tupari • p-Maweti-Guarani • p-Tupi-Guarani • Guaraní


Swadesh lists
Individual languages
Language families, family branches, and geographic groupings
Constructed languages
Reconstructed proto-languages
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