ḥmt

See also: HMT and ḫmt

Egyptian

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

 

• (reconstructed) IPA^(key): /ˈħiːmat/ → /ˈħiːmaʔ/ → /ˈħiːma/ → /ˈħiːmə/

• (Old Egyptian, c. 2500 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈħiːmat/ (singular); IPA^(key): /ħiˈjamwat/ (plural)
• (Middle Egyptian, c. 1700 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈħiːmaʔ/ (singular); IPA^(key): /ħiˈjamwaʔ/ (plural)
• (Amarna-period Late Egyptian, c. 1350 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈħiːma/ (singular); IPA^(key): /ħəˈjamwa/ (plural)
• (latest Late Egyptian, c. 800 BCE) IPA^(key): /ˈħiːmə/ (singular); IPA^(key): /ħəˈjamwə/ (plural)

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /hɛmɛt/
  • Conventional anglicization: hemet

Noun

 f

1. woman
2. wife
   • c. 2000 BCE – 1900 BCE, Tale of the Shipwrecked Sailor (pHermitage/pPetersburg 1115) lines 132–134:

     jr qn{n}.k rwḏ jb.k mḥ.k qnj.k m ẖrdw.k sn.k ḥmt.k mꜣ.k pr.k

     If you are stalwart, with your mind firm, you will fill your embrace with your children, you will kiss your wife, and you will see your home.

Inflection

Declension of ḥmt (feminine consonant-stem)

singular	ḥmt
dual	ḥmtj
plural	ḥmwt

Derived terms

• ḥmt-nswt
• ḥmt-nswt-wrt
• zt-ḥmt

Descendants

• Demotic: ḥm.t
  • Akhmimic Coptic: ϩⲓⲙⲉ (hime)
  • Fayyumic Coptic: ϩⲏⲙ (hēm)
  • Lycopolitan Coptic: ϩⲓⲙⲉ (hime)
  • Old Coptic: ϩⲓⲙⲉ (hime)
  • Sahidic Coptic: ϩⲓⲙⲉ (hime), ϩⲓⲙ (him)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /hɛmɛt/
  • Conventional anglicization: hemet

Noun

 m

1. copper

Alternative forms

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ḥmt  

ḥmt

Etymology 3

From ḥm (“incarnation”) +‎ -t (feminine ending).

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /hɛmɛt/
  • Conventional anglicization: hemet

Noun

 m

1. the (female) pharaoh of Egypt as a particular individual who serves as an incarnation of kingship
2. an incarnation^? of a goddess (e.g. as a statue)

Usage notes

See the usage notes at ḥm.

Inflection

Declension of ḥmt (feminine)

singular	ḥmt
dual	ḥmtj
plural	ḥmwt

Etymology 4

From ḥm (“servant”) +‎ -t (feminine ending).

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /hɛmɛt/
  • Conventional anglicization: hemet

Noun

 f

1. (female) servant, slave

Inflection

Declension of ḥmt (feminine)

singular	ḥmt
dual	ḥmtj
plural	ḥmwt

Derived terms

• ḥmt-nṯr

References

• Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1929) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎^[1], volume 3, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 76.16–77.19, 88.10–88.16, 92.12–93.8, 99
• Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, pages 168–169
• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 375.
• Hoch, James (1997) Middle Egyptian Grammar, Mississauga: Benben Publications, →ISBN, page 55