paham

Indonesian

Alternative forms

• faham (nonstandard Indonesian, standard Malay)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Arabic فَهْم (fahm)

bor.

Malay faham

Indonesian paham

Borrowed from Arabic فَهْم (fahm, “understanding”) via Malay faham.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpa.ham/
• Hyphenation: pa‧ham
• Rhymes: -am, -m

Noun

paham (first-person possessive pahamku, second-person possessive pahammu, third-person possessive pahamnya)

1. understanding

   Synonyms: pemahaman, pengertian

2. view (an opinion, judgement, imagination, idea or belief)

Verb

paham (transitive locative pahami, transitive applicative/causative pahamkan)

1. (intransitive) to understand

   Synonym: erti

Conjugation

Conjugation of paham (meng-, intransitive)
Root	paham
	Active	Involuntary / Perfective	Passive	Basic / Imperative	Jussive
Active	memaham	terpaham	dipaham	paham	pahamlah
Locative	memahami	terpahami	dipahami	pahami	pahamilah
Causative / Applicative1	memahamkan	terpahamkan	dipahamkan	pahamkan	pahamkanlah
	Causative
Active	memperpaham	terperpaham	diperpaham	perpaham	perpahamlah
Locative	memperpahami	terperpahami	diperpahami	perpahami	perpahamilah
Causative / Applicative1	memperpahamkan	terperpahamkan	diperpahamkan	perpahamkan	perpahamkanlah
1The -kan row is either causative or applicative, with transitive roots it mostly has applicative meaning. Notes: The verb form terpaham rather means as a superlative (paling, ...) instead of an accidental, but still means as accidentals in transitivized forms (causative, locative, benefactive, and its combinations). Some of these forms do normally not exist or are rarely used in standard Indonesian. Some forms may also change meaning.

Adjective

paham

1. clever; understanding

   Synonym: pandai

Derived terms

Affixed terms

• berpaham
• kesalingpahaman
• kesepahaman
• pahami
• pahamkan
• pemahaman
• sepaham

 

Compound terms

• paham kawasan
• paham kesektean
• paham sekuler
• paham skolastik

 

Further reading

• “paham” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Malay

Etymology

Nativization of faham, from Arabic فَهْم (fahm, “understanding”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /paham/
  • (Johor-Riau, Kedah-Penang-Perlis) IPA^(key): [pa(h)am]
  • (Kelantan-Pattani) IPA^(key): [pa(h)ɛ̃ː]
  • (Terengganu) IPA^(key): [pa(h)aŋ]
• Rhymes: -ham, -am
• Hyphenation: pa‧ham

Noun

paham (Jawi spelling ڤهم)

1. Alternative form of faham.

Verb

paham (Jawi spelling ڤهم)

1. Alternative form of faham.

Welsh

Alternative forms

• pam

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /paˈham/

Adverb

paham

1. why (literary)
   • Paham wyt ti yma?

     Why are you here?

2. wherefore