keerama
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Estonian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finnic *keerädäk. Derivatives from the same root include also Proto-Finnic *keertädäk (“to turn, to spin thread”), Finnish kierä (“overwound”). See also keer.
Verb
[edit]keerama (da-infinitive keerata)
- to turn
Inflection
[edit]Conjugation of keerama (ÕS type 29/hüppama, no gradation)
| indicative | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | keeran | ei keera | 1st sing. | olen keeranud | ei ole keeranud pole keeranud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | keerad | 2nd sing. | oled keeranud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | keerab | 3rd sing. | on keeranud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | keerame | 1st plur. | oleme keeranud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | keerate | 2nd plur. | olete keeranud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | keeravad | 3rd plur. | on keeranud | ||||||
| passive | keeratakse | ei keerata | passive | on keeratud | ei ole keeratud pole keeratud | ||||
| past | pluperfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | keerasin | ei keeranud | 1st sing. | olin keeranud | ei olnud keeranud polnud keeranud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | keerasid | 2nd sing. | olid keeranud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | keeras | 3rd sing. | oli keeranud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | keerasime | 1st plur. | olime keeranud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | keerasite | 2nd plur. | olite keeranud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | keerasid | 3rd plur. | oli keeranud | ||||||
| passive | keerati | ei keeratud | passive | oli keeratud | ei olnud keeratud polnud keeratud | ||||
| conditional | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | keeraksin | ei keeraks | 1st sing. | keeranuksin oleksin keeranud |
ei keeranuks ei oleks keeranud poleks keeranud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | keeraksid | 2nd sing. | keeranuksid oleksid keeranud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | keeraks | 3rd sing. | keeranuks oleks keeranud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | keeraksime | 1st plur. | keeranuksime oleksime keeranud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | keeraksite | 2nd plur. | keeranuksite oleksite keeranud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | keeraksid | 3rd plur. | keeranuksid oleksid keeranud | ||||||
| passive | keerataks | ei keerataks | passive | oleks keeratud | ei oleks keeratud poleks keeratud | ||||
| imperative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||
| 2nd sing. | keera | ära keera | 2nd sing. | ole keeranud | ära ole keeranud | ||||
| 3rd sing. | keeraku | ärgu keeraku | 3rd sing. | olgu keeranud | ärgu olgu keeranud | ||||
| 1st plur. | keerakem | ärme keerame ärme keera ärgem keerakem |
1st plur. | olgem keeranud | ärme oleme keeranud ärme ole keeranud ärgem olgem keeranud | ||||
| 2nd plur. | keerake | ärge keerake | 2nd plur. | olge keeranud | ärge olge keeranud | ||||
| 3rd plur. | keeraku | ärgu keeraku | 3rd plur. | olgu keeranud | ärgu olgu keeranud | ||||
| passive | keeratagu | ärgu keeratagu | passive | olgu keeratud | ärgu olgu keeratud | ||||
| quotative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| voice | positive | negative | voice | positive | negative | ||||
| active | keeravat | ei keeravat | active | olevat keeranud | ei olevat keeranud polevat keeranud | ||||
| passive | keeratavat | ei keeratavat | passive | olevat keeratud | ei olevat keeratud polevat keeratud | ||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||
| ma-infinitive | active | passive | da-infinitive | present | past | ||||
| nominative | keerama | keeratama | nominative | keerata | olla keeranud | ||||
| illative | — | inessive | keerates | olles keeranud | |||||
| inessive | keeramas | participle | active | passive | |||||
| elative | keeramast | present | keerav | keeratav | |||||
| translative | keeramaks | past | keeranud | keeratud | |||||
| abessive | keeramata | negative | keeramatu | — | |||||