cyplysu
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Welsh
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From cwplws (“coupling”) + -u (verb-forming suffix).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (North Wales) IPA(key): /kəpˈləsɨ̞/
- (South Wales) IPA(key): /kəpˈləsi/
Verb
[edit]cyplysu (first-person singular present cyplysaf)
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation (literary)
| singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present indicative/future | cyplysaf | cyplysi | cyplysa | cyplyswn | cyplyswch | cyplysant | cyplysir | |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
cyplyswn | cyplysit | cyplysai | cyplysem | cyplysech | cyplysent | cyplysid | |
| preterite | cyplysais | cyplysaist | cyplysodd | cyplysasom | cyplysasoch | cyplysasant | cyplyswyd | |
| pluperfect | cyplysaswn | cyplysasit | cyplysasai | cyplysasem | cyplysasech | cyplysasent | cyplysasid, cyplysesid | |
| present subjunctive | cyplyswyf | cyplysych | cyplyso | cyplysom | cyplysoch | cyplysont | cyplyser | |
| imperative | — | cyplysa | cyplysed | cyplyswn | cyplyswch | cyplysent | cyplyser | |
| verbal noun | cyplysu | |||||||
| verbal adjectives | cyplysedig cyplysadwy | |||||||
Conjugation (colloquial)
| Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |
| future | cyplysa i, cyplysaf i | cyplysi di | cyplysith o/e/hi, cyplysiff e/hi | cyplyswn ni | cyplyswch chi | cyplysan nhw |
| conditional | cyplyswn i, cyplysswn i | cyplyset ti, cyplysset ti | cyplysai fo/fe/hi, cyplyssai fo/fe/hi | cyplysen ni, cyplyssen ni | cyplysech chi, cyplyssech chi | cyplysen nhw, cyplyssen nhw |
| preterite | cyplysais i, cyplyses i | cyplysaist ti, cyplysest ti | cyplysodd o/e/hi | cyplyson ni | cyplysoch chi | cyplyson nhw |
| imperative | — | cyplysa | — | — | cyplyswch | — |
| Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. | ||||||
Derived terms
[edit]- cyplysnod (“hyphen”)
Mutation
[edit]| Welsh mutation | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
| cyplysu | gyplysu | nghyplysu | chyplysu |
| Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. | |||
Further reading
[edit]- R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “cyplysu”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies