Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/werǵ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*werǵ-

1. to make

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *werǵ-‎ (23 c, 0 e)

• *wérǵ-e-ti (thematic present)
  • Proto-Celtic: *wregeti (see there for further descendants) (through schwebeablaut)
• *wr̥ǵ-yé-ti (zero-grade ye-present)
• *wérǵ-ye-ti (full-grade ye-present)
  • Proto-Germanic: *wirkijaną (see there for further descendants)
  • Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: ἔρδω (érdō, “I do”)
    • Ancient Greek: ῥέζω (rhézō, “I do”) (< *wreǵ-ye- with secondary e-grade)
• *werǵ-éh₂
  • Proto-Celtic: *wergā (“anger”) (see there for further descendants)
• *worǵ-éh₂
  • Proto-Hellenic: *worgā́ (“temper; anger, passion”)
    • Ancient Greek: ὀργή (orgḗ)
      • Greek: οργή (orgí)
• *werǵ-o-s
  • Proto-Celtic: *wergos (adj.) (see there for further descendants)
• *worǵ-ó-s
  • Proto-Hellenic: *worgós, *-worgós (“worker, maker”)
    • Ancient Greek: -ουργός (-ourgós)
    • Mycenaean Greek: -𐀺𐀒 (-wo-ko /⁠-worgos⁠/)
• *wérǵ-o-m
• *wr̥ǵ-tó-s
• Unsorted formations:
  • Albanian:
    • Albanian: argëtoj, argëtim
  • Hellenic:
    • Ancient Greek: ὄργανον (órganon) (see there for further descendants)
    • Ancient Greek: ὄργιον (órgion), ὄργῐᾰ (órgia)
    • >? Mycenaean Greek: 𐀺𐀫𐀑𐀍𐀚𐀍 (wo-ro-ki-jo-ne-jo /⁠worgioneios⁠/)
  • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *warȷ́-
    • Proto-Iranian: *warj- (see there for further descendants)
  • ⇒ Proto-Indo-Iranian: *swawr̥šti
    • Proto-Indo-Aryan: *swawr̥ṣṭi
      • Sanskrit: स्ववृष्टि (svávṛṣṭi, “doing his own work, epithet of Indra”)
  • Proto-Tocharian: *wärk-
    • Tocharian A: wärkṣäl
    • Tocharian B: warkṣäl