Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/dléwkus
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European[edit]
Alternative reconstructions[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Unknown. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.
Adjective[edit]
Inflection[edit]
| Athematic, proterokinetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | ||
| nominative | *dléwkus | *dlukéwih₂ | |
| genitive | *dlukéws | *dlukuyéh₂s | |
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *dléwkus | *dléwkuh₁(e) | *dléwkewes |
| vocative | *dléwku | *dléwkuh₁(e) | *dléwkewes |
| accusative | *dléwkum | *dléwkuh₁(e) | *dléwkums |
| genitive | *dlukéws | *? | *dlukéwoHom |
| ablative | *dlukéws | *? | *dlukúmos |
| dative | *dlukéwey | *? | *dlukúmos |
| locative | *dlukéw, *dlukéwi | *? | *dlukúsu |
| instrumental | *dlukúh₁ | *? | *dlukúmis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *dlukéwih₂ | *dlukéwih₂h₁(e) | *dlukéwih₂es |
| vocative | *dlukéwih₂ | *dlukéwih₂h₁(e) | *dlukéwih₂es |
| accusative | *dlukéwih₂m̥ | *dlukéwih₂h₁(e) | *dlukéwih₂m̥s |
| genitive | *dlukuyéh₂s | *? | *dlukuyéh₂oHom |
| ablative | *dlukuyéh₂s | *? | *dlukuyéh₂mos |
| dative | *dlukuyéh₂ey | *? | *dlukuyéh₂mos |
| locative | *dlukuyéh₂, *dlukuyéh₂i | *? | *dlukuyéh₂su |
| instrumental | *dlukuyéh₂h₁ | *? | *dlukuyéh₂mis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *dléwku | *dléwkwih₁ | *dléwkuh₂ |
| vocative | *dléwku | *dléwkwih₁ | *dléwkuh₂ |
| accusative | *dléwku | *dléwkwih₁ | *dléwkuh₂ |
| genitive | *dlukéws | *? | *dlukéwoHom |
| ablative | *dlukéws | *? | *dlukúmos |
| dative | *dlukéwey | *? | *dlukúmos |
| locative | *dlukéw, *dlukéwi | *? | *dlukúsu |
| instrumental | *dlukúh₁ | *? | *dlukúmis |
Later hysterokinetic pattern:
| Athematic, hysterokinetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | ||
| nominative | *dlukús | *dlukéwih₂ | |
| genitive | *dlukéws | *dlukuyéh₂s | |
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *dlukús | *dlukúh₁(e) | *dlukúes |
| vocative | *dlukú | *dlukúh₁(e) | *dlukúes |
| accusative | *dlukúm | *dlukúh₁(e) | *dlukúms |
| genitive | *dlukéws | *? | *dlukéwoHom |
| ablative | *dlukéws | *? | *dlukéwmos |
| dative | *dlukéwey | *? | *dlukéwmos |
| locative | *dlukéw, *dlukéwi | *? | *dlukéwsu |
| instrumental | *dlukéwh₁ | *? | *dlukéwmis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *dlukéwih₂ | *dlukéwih₂h₁(e) | *dlukéwih₂es |
| vocative | *dlukéwih₂ | *dlukéwih₂h₁(e) | *dlukéwih₂es |
| accusative | *dlukéwih₂m̥ | *dlukéwih₂h₁(e) | *dlukéwih₂m̥s |
| genitive | *dlukuyéh₂s | *? | *dlukuyéh₂oHom |
| ablative | *dlukuyéh₂s | *? | *dlukuyéh₂mos |
| dative | *dlukuyéh₂ey | *? | *dlukuyéh₂mos |
| locative | *dlukuyéh₂, *dlukuyéh₂i | *? | *dlukuyéh₂su |
| instrumental | *dlukuyéh₂h₁ | *? | *dlukuyéh₂mis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *dlukú | *dlukúyh₁ | *dlukúh₂ |
| vocative | *dlukú | *dlukúyh₁ | *dlukúh₂ |
| accusative | *dlukú | *dlukúyh₁ | *dlukúh₂ |
| genitive | *dlukéws | *? | *dlukéwoHom |
| ablative | *dlukéws | *? | *dlukéwmos |
| dative | *dlukéwey | *? | *dlukéwmos |
| locative | *dlukéw, *dlukéwi | *? | *dlukéwsu |
| instrumental | *dlukéwh₁ | *? | *dlukéwmis |
Descendants[edit]
- >? Proto-Armenian:
- Proto-Hellenic: *dléukus, *dlukús[5]
- Proto-Italic: *dulkwis[6] (< metathesized *dulk-ú-s)
- Latin: dulcis (see there for further descendants)
Further reading[edit]
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “γλυκύς”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 277-278
References[edit]
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “dl̥kú- (?)”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 222
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “?*dl̥kus ~ *glukus”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 560
- ^ Balles, Irene (2009) “Zu den i-stämmigen Adjektiven des Lateinischen”, in Proto-language and Prehistory: Akten der XII. Fachtagung der Indogermanischen Gesellschaft, vom 11. bis 15. Oktober 2004 in Krakau (in German), Wiesbaden: Reichert Verlag, page 4
- ^ Clackson, James (2017–2018) “Chapter X: Armenian”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Armenian, page 1118: “*dluku-”
- ^ The template Template:R:Babiniotis 2010 does not use the parameter(s):
2=311
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.γλυκός - Babiniotis, Georgios (2010) Ετυμολογικό λεξικό της νέας ελληνικής γλώσσας Etymologikó lexikó tis néas ellinikís glóssas [Etymological Dictionary of Modern Greek language] (in Greek), Athens: Lexicology Centre - ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “dulcis”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 182