-tek

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See also: tek, Tek, and -ték

Hungarian

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Suffix

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-tek

  1. (personal suffix) Forms the second-person plural present tense of verbs (indicative mood, indefinite conjugation; exceptionally also in the unmarked subjunctive/imperative form gyertek).
    ebédel (to lunch) + ‎-tek → ‎ebédeltek (you lunch)
    Ti mikor ebédeltek?What time are you having lunch?
  2. (possessive suffix) your (second-person plural informal, single possession)
    reggeli (breakfast) + ‎-tek → ‎reggelitek (your breakfast)
    zene (music) + ‎-tek → ‎zenétek (your music)
Usage notes
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  • (personal suffix) Variants:
    -tok is added to back-vowel verbs
    -tek is added to unrounded front-vowel verbs
    -tök is added to rounded front-vowel verbs
    -otok is added to back-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or -ít
    -etek is added to unrounded front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or -ít
    -ötök is added to rounded front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or -ít
  • (possessive suffix) Variants:
    -tok is added to back-vowel words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-.
    -tek is added to unrounded front-vowel words ending in a vowel. Final -e changes to -é-.
    -tök is added to rounded front-vowel words ending in a vowel
    -otok is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -atok is added to other back-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -etek is added to unrounded (and some rounded) front-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -ötök is added to most rounded front-vowel words ending in a consonant

Etymology 2

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From -t (past-tense suffix) +‎ -ek (plural suffix).

Alternative forms

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Suffix

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-tek

  1. (past-tense suffix) Forms the third-person plural past tense of verbs (indefinite conjugation).
    ebédel (to lunch) + ‎-tek → ‎ebédeltek (they (have/had) lunch)
    Ők mikor ebédeltek?What time did they have lunch?
Usage notes
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  • (past-tense suffix) Variants:
    -tak is added to most back-vowel verbs
    -tek is added to most front-vowel verbs
    -ttak is added to back-vowel verbs ending in a vowel (, , szí; ó, ; )
    -ttek is added to front-vowel verbs ending in a vowel (, , sző; nyű)
    -ottak is added to back-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or a long vowel + t, or to monosyllables ending in -t (fut, nyit, except lát)
    -ettek is added to unrounded front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or a long vowel + t, or to monosyllables ending in -t (vet)
    -öttek is added to rounded front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or a long vowel + t, or to monosyllables ending in -t (köt, süt, üt)

See also

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References

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  1. ^ A mult időben ezzel szemben puszta ‑k a rag: (ők) várta-k, kérte-k. Régibb nyelvünkben ennek is igen gyakran ‑nak, ‑nek volt a ragja, pl. várta-nak, kérte-nek, de SZINNYEI (Hunf. Alb. 42 ) bebizonyította, hogy a kétféle mult idejű alak közül a -k ragos az eredetibb, s hogy а ‑nak, ‑nek ragos csak analógia eredménye: a vár : várnak-féle irányító sorok hatása alatt várt mellé is keletkezett többes vártanak alak. Ez az analógiás eredelű vártanak, kértenek alak azonban nem tudott véglegesen győzedelmeskedni; a köznyelvből lassanként ismét kiveszett, s ma már csak itt-ott a nyelvjárásokban van meg. In: Antal Horger (Q1055098). A magyar igeragozás története (’The History of Hungarian Conjugation’), Szeged: 1931, page 32.