-sto

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See also: sto, stó, stò, što, -stö, and 'sto

Finnish

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Etymology

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From earlier *-s-ta-i, from -s + -ta (like in -usta) + -i, all noun-forming suffixes.

Suffix

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-sto (front vowel harmony variant -stö, linguistic notation -stO)

  1. Forms collective nouns from nouns indicating individual things.
    kirja (book) + ‎-sto → ‎kirjasto (library)
    laiva (ship) + ‎-sto → ‎laivasto (fleet)
    puu (tree) + ‎-sto → ‎puisto (park)
    oppi (education, doctrine) + ‎-sto → ‎opisto (academy, institute)

Declension

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  • The most common genitive and partitive plural forms for -sto nouns are -stojen and -stoja, which correspond to declension type 1 (valo). Kielitoimiston sanakirja classifies many but not all three-syllable words with this suffix as type 2 (palvelu) despite the fact that the forms ending in -stoiden/-stoitten and -stoita are rarely used in practice.
Inflection of -sto (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
nominative -sto -stot
genitive -ston -stojen
partitive -stoa -stoja
illative -stoon -stoihin
singular plural
nominative -sto -stot
accusative nom. -sto -stot
gen. -ston
genitive -ston -stojen
partitive -stoa -stoja
inessive -stossa -stoissa
elative -stosta -stoista
illative -stoon -stoihin
adessive -stolla -stoilla
ablative -stolta -stoilta
allative -stolle -stoille
essive -stona -stoina
translative -stoksi -stoiksi
abessive -stotta -stoitta
instructive -stoin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of -sto (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative -stoni -stoni
accusative nom. -stoni -stoni
gen. -stoni
genitive -stoni -stojeni
partitive -stoani -stojani
inessive -stossani -stoissani
elative -stostani -stoistani
illative -stooni -stoihini
adessive -stollani -stoillani
ablative -stoltani -stoiltani
allative -stolleni -stoilleni
essive -stonani -stoinani
translative -stokseni -stoikseni
abessive -stottani -stoittani
instructive
comitative -stoineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative -stosi -stosi
accusative nom. -stosi -stosi
gen. -stosi
genitive -stosi -stojesi
partitive -stoasi -stojasi
inessive -stossasi -stoissasi
elative -stostasi -stoistasi
illative -stoosi -stoihisi
adessive -stollasi -stoillasi
ablative -stoltasi -stoiltasi
allative -stollesi -stoillesi
essive -stonasi -stoinasi
translative -stoksesi -stoiksesi
abessive -stottasi -stoittasi
instructive
comitative -stoinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative -stomme -stomme
accusative nom. -stomme -stomme
gen. -stomme
genitive -stomme -stojemme
partitive -stoamme -stojamme
inessive -stossamme -stoissamme
elative -stostamme -stoistamme
illative -stoomme -stoihimme
adessive -stollamme -stoillamme
ablative -stoltamme -stoiltamme
allative -stollemme -stoillemme
essive -stonamme -stoinamme
translative -stoksemme -stoiksemme
abessive -stottamme -stoittamme
instructive
comitative -stoinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative -stonne -stonne
accusative nom. -stonne -stonne
gen. -stonne
genitive -stonne -stojenne
partitive -stoanne -stojanne
inessive -stossanne -stoissanne
elative -stostanne -stoistanne
illative -stoonne -stoihinne
adessive -stollanne -stoillanne
ablative -stoltanne -stoiltanne
allative -stollenne -stoillenne
essive -stonanne -stoinanne
translative -stoksenne -stoiksenne
abessive -stottanne -stoittanne
instructive
comitative -stoinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative -stonsa -stonsa
accusative nom. -stonsa -stonsa
gen. -stonsa
genitive -stonsa -stojensa
partitive -stoaan
-stoansa
-stojaan
-stojansa
inessive -stossaan
-stossansa
-stoissaan
-stoissansa
elative -stostaan
-stostansa
-stoistaan
-stoistansa
illative -stoonsa -stoihinsa
adessive -stollaan
-stollansa
-stoillaan
-stoillansa
ablative -stoltaan
-stoltansa
-stoiltaan
-stoiltansa
allative -stolleen
-stollensa
-stoilleen
-stoillensa
essive -stonaan
-stonansa
-stoinaan
-stoinansa
translative -stokseen
-stoksensa
-stoikseen
-stoiksensa
abessive -stottaan
-stottansa
-stoittaan
-stoittansa
instructive
comitative -stoineen
-stoinensa
Inflection of -sto (Kotus type 2/palvelu, no gradation)
nominative -sto -stot
genitive -ston -stojen
-stoiden
-stoitten
partitive -stoa -stoja
-stoita
illative -stoon -stoihin
singular plural
nominative -sto -stot
accusative nom. -sto -stot
gen. -ston
genitive -ston -stojen
-stoiden
-stoitten
partitive -stoa -stoja
-stoita
inessive -stossa -stoissa
elative -stosta -stoista
illative -stoon -stoihin
adessive -stolla -stoilla
ablative -stolta -stoilta
allative -stolle -stoille
essive -stona -stoina
translative -stoksi -stoiksi
abessive -stotta -stoitta
instructive -stoin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of -sto (Kotus type 2/palvelu, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative -stoni -stoni
accusative nom. -stoni -stoni
gen. -stoni
genitive -stoni -stojeni
-stoideni
-stoitteni
partitive -stoani -stojani
-stoitani
inessive -stossani -stoissani
elative -stostani -stoistani
illative -stooni -stoihini
adessive -stollani -stoillani
ablative -stoltani -stoiltani
allative -stolleni -stoilleni
essive -stonani -stoinani
translative -stokseni -stoikseni
abessive -stottani -stoittani
instructive
comitative -stoineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative -stosi -stosi
accusative nom. -stosi -stosi
gen. -stosi
genitive -stosi -stojesi
-stoidesi
-stoittesi
partitive -stoasi -stojasi
-stoitasi
inessive -stossasi -stoissasi
elative -stostasi -stoistasi
illative -stoosi -stoihisi
adessive -stollasi -stoillasi
ablative -stoltasi -stoiltasi
allative -stollesi -stoillesi
essive -stonasi -stoinasi
translative -stoksesi -stoiksesi
abessive -stottasi -stoittasi
instructive
comitative -stoinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative -stomme -stomme
accusative nom. -stomme -stomme
gen. -stomme
genitive -stomme -stojemme
-stoidemme
-stoittemme
partitive -stoamme -stojamme
-stoitamme
inessive -stossamme -stoissamme
elative -stostamme -stoistamme
illative -stoomme -stoihimme
adessive -stollamme -stoillamme
ablative -stoltamme -stoiltamme
allative -stollemme -stoillemme
essive -stonamme -stoinamme
translative -stoksemme -stoiksemme
abessive -stottamme -stoittamme
instructive
comitative -stoinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative -stonne -stonne
accusative nom. -stonne -stonne
gen. -stonne
genitive -stonne -stojenne
-stoidenne
-stoittenne
partitive -stoanne -stojanne
-stoitanne
inessive -stossanne -stoissanne
elative -stostanne -stoistanne
illative -stoonne -stoihinne
adessive -stollanne -stoillanne
ablative -stoltanne -stoiltanne
allative -stollenne -stoillenne
essive -stonanne -stoinanne
translative -stoksenne -stoiksenne
abessive -stottanne -stoittanne
instructive
comitative -stoinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative -stonsa -stonsa
accusative nom. -stonsa -stonsa
gen. -stonsa
genitive -stonsa -stojensa
-stoidensa
-stoittensa
partitive -stoaan
-stoansa
-stojaan
-stoitaan
-stojansa
-stoitansa
inessive -stossaan
-stossansa
-stoissaan
-stoissansa
elative -stostaan
-stostansa
-stoistaan
-stoistansa
illative -stoonsa -stoihinsa
adessive -stollaan
-stollansa
-stoillaan
-stoillansa
ablative -stoltaan
-stoltansa
-stoiltaan
-stoiltansa
allative -stolleen
-stollensa
-stoilleen
-stoillensa
essive -stonaan
-stonansa
-stoinaan
-stoinansa
translative -stokseen
-stoksensa
-stoikseen
-stoiksensa
abessive -stottaan
-stottansa
-stoittaan
-stoittansa
instructive
comitative -stoineen
-stoinensa

Derived terms

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Ingrian

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Etymology

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Akin to Finnish -sto.

Pronunciation

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Suffix

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-sto (front vowel variant -stö)

  1. Used to form collective nouns.
    noori (young) + ‎-sto → ‎nooristo (youth)

Declension

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Declension of -sto (type 4/koivu, st-ss gradation)
singular plural
nominative -sto -ssot
genitive -sson -stoin, -stoloin
partitive -stoa -stoja, -stoloja
illative -stoo -stoi, -stoloihe
inessive -ssos -ssois, -stolois
elative -ssost -ssoist, -stoloist
allative -ssolle -ssoille, -stoloille
adessive -ssol -ssoil, -stoloil
ablative -ssolt -ssoilt, -stoloilt
translative -ssoks -ssoiks, -stoloiks
essive -stonna, -stoon -stoinna, -stoloinna, -stoin, -stoloin
exessive1) -stont -stoint, -stoloint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Derived terms

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