-ettél

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also: ettél

Hungarian

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

From -ett (past-tense suffix) +‎ -él (second-person singular suffix).

Suffix

[edit]

-ettél

  1. (past-tense suffix) Forms the second-person singular past tense of verbs (indefinite conjugation).
    szerkeszt (to edit) + ‎-ettél → ‎szerkesztettél (you (have/had) edited)
    vetít (to project) + ‎-ettél → ‎vetítettél (you (have/had) projected)
    vet (to sow) + ‎-ettél → ‎vetettél (you (have/had) sowed/sown)
Usage notes
[edit]
  • (past tense suffix) Variants:
    -tál is added to most back-vowel verbs
    -tél is added to most front-vowel verbs
    -ttál is added to back-vowel verbs ending in a vowel (, , ó, , , szí)
    -ttél is added to front-vowel verbs ending in a vowel (, nyű, sző)
    -ottál is added to back-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or a long vowel + t, or to monosyllables ending in -t (fut, nyit, except lát)
    -ettél is added to unrounded front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or a long vowel + t, or to monosyllables ending in -t (vet)
    -öttél is added to rounded front-vowel verbs ending in two consonants or a long vowel + t, or to monosyllables ending in -t (köt, süt, üt)

Etymology 2

[edit]

From -et (causative suffix) +‎ -t (past-tense suffix) +‎ -él (second-person singular suffix).

Suffix

[edit]

-ettél

  1. (past-tense causative suffix) Forms the second-person singular causative past tense of verbs (indefinite conjugation), used with -val/-vel, e.g. vele, velük etc., otherwise coinciding with the above forms.
    fest (to paint) + ‎-ettél → ‎festettél (you had him/her/them paint something)
    megért (to understand) + ‎-ettél → ‎megértettél (you made him/her/them understand something)
Usage notes
[edit]

Homonymy exists between regular and causative past tense forms of consonant + t types of front-vowel verbs, in all the six persons, both with definite and indefinite endings, except for the third-person singular indefinite form (-ettem, -ettél, –, -ettünk, -ettetek, -ettek; -ettem, -etted, -ette, -ettük, -ettétek, -ették; -ettelek). On the other hand, other types of front-vowel verbs as well as back-vowel verbs take different forms for the regular and the causative past tense (e.g. -ottam and -attam, e.g. ugrottam and ugrattam among similar back-vowel verbs, other front-vowel verb types having clearly distinct forms: kértem vs. kérettem, kerestem vs. kerestettem). However, the -val/-vel argument is compulsory with the causative sense, so it makes the distinction easier (e.g. megértettem velük a különbséget – “I made them understand the difference”).

See also

[edit]