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Armenian

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Etymology

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From Old Armenian (-d).

Pronunciation

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(following a vowel:)

(following a consonant:)

Suffix

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(-d)

  1. a possessive suffix marking 2nd person possession
    գիրքդgirkʻdyour book
    գնալդgnaldyour going
    ձեռքերովդjeṙkʻerovdwith your hands
    1. co-occurs with postpositions in pseudo-possessive meaning identifying the location in the 2nd person
      մոտդmotdwith you/at you/near you
      վրադvradon you
  2. a personal suffix used to refer to the 2nd person as an agent; found in idioms and certain constructions
    դու ինքդdu inkʻdyou yourself
    Դուք՝ առաջավորներդ, պիտի օգնեք մեզ՝ ետ մնացողներիս։
    Dukʻ, aṙaǰavornerd, piti ōgnekʻ mez, et mnacʻoġneris.
    You, the advanced ones, have to help us, the backward ones.

See also

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References

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  • Dum-Tragut, Jasmine (2009) Armenian: Modern Eastern Armenian (London Oriental and African Language Library; 14), Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins Publishing Company, pages 112–116

Old Armenian

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Etymology

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From *դո- (*do-).

Suffix

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(-d)

  1. this, that (near the second person)
    կորուսեր զհոգիդ եւ զինչսդkoruser zhogid ew zinčʻsdyou have lost your soul and your property
    արձակեա՛ զժողովուրդդarjakeá zžołovurddlet this or the people go!
    որ խոսիդ ընդ քեզor xosid ənd kʻezhe who talks to you
  2. (personal pronoun) thou, thee, you
    սուրբդ սրբոցsurbd srbocʻyou who are the holy of holy ones

Usage notes

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(-s), (-d) and (-n) form a three-way deictic contrast. -s shows an object close to the speaker, -d close to the second person, -n close to the third person.

Descendants

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  • Armenian: (-d)

References

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  • Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971–1979) “դ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, Yerevan: University Press
  • Gočanean, Pōġos (2011) Dasakan grabari gorcnakan kʻerakanutʻiwn [Practical Grammar of Classical Old Armenian]‎[1] (in Armenian), Vienna and Yerevan: Mekhitarist Press, pages 24–25
  • Godel, Robert (1975) An introduction to the study of classical Armenian, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, page 107
  • Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “դ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy