𐰭

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𐰭 U+10C2D, 𐰭
OLD TURKIC LETTER ORKHON ENG
𐰬
[U+10C2C]
Old Turkic 𐰮
[U+10C2E]
See also: 𐰮 and 𐰬

Old Turkic

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Etymology 1

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Letter

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𐰭 (ŋ)

  1. A letter of the Old Turkic runic script, representing /ŋ/.

Etymology 2

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Inherited from Proto-Turkic *eŋ (superlative suffix). Cognate with Turkish en.

Adverb

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𐰭 ()

  1. Marks a superlative degree (-est).
    • 8th century CE, Kültegin Inscriptions, E32
      𐰭:𐰠𐰚𐰃:𐱃𐰑𐰴𐰣:𐰲𐰆𐰺𐰭:𐰉𐰆𐰔:𐱃𐰍:𐰋𐰃𐰤𐰯:𐱅𐰏𐰓𐰃
      :ilki:tadïqïn:čorïŋ:boz:atïɣ:binip:tegdi
      Very first, he mounted Tadıq Chor's gray horse and attacked.

References

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  • Tekin, Talât (1968) “aŋ”, in A Grammar of Orkhon Turkic (Uralic and Altaic Series; 69), Bloomington: Indiana University, →ISBN, pages 302-303
  • Clauson, Gerard (1972) “eŋ”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 166

Etymology 3

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Inherited from Proto-Turkic *aŋ (wild game).

Noun

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𐰭 ()

  1. wild game, wild animals hunted for food
    • 9th century CE, Irk Bitig, Omen 31
      𐰉𐰺𐰽:𐰚𐰃𐰘𐰃𐰚:𐰭𐰚𐰀:𐰢𐰭𐰚𐰀:𐰉𐰺𐰢𐰃𐰾
      bars:kéyik:ke:meŋke:barmïš
      A tiger went to look for game and prey.

References

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Etymology 4

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Inherited from Proto-Turkic *-iŋ. Cognate with Turkish -in

Suffix

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𐰭 (-iŋ, -ïŋ, -üŋ, -uŋ, -ŋ)

  1. second person singular possessive suffix
    𐰆𐰍𐰞 (oɣul, child) + ‎𐰭 (ŋ) → ‎𐰆𐰍𐰞𐰭 (oɣluŋ, your child)
  2. second person singular suffix for certain verb tenses
    -𐰇𐰠 (öl-, to die) + ‎𐰭 (ŋ) → ‎𐰇𐰠𐱅𐰭 (öltüŋ, you died)
Alternative forms
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  • 𐰢 (-im, 1. first person singular possessive suffix 2. first person singular suffix for verbs)
  • 𐰢𐰔 (-imiz, 1. first person plural possessive suffix 2. first person plural suffix for verbs)
  • 𐰭𐰔 (-iŋiz, 1. second person plural possessive suffix 2. second person plural suffix for verbs)
  • 𐰾𐰃 (-si, third person possessive suffix)

References

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Etymology 5

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Inherited from Proto-Turkic *-iŋ. Cognate with Turkish -in

Suffix

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𐰭 (-iŋ, -ïŋ, -ŋ)

  1. Suffix forming second person plural imperative
    𐰋𐰃𐰠 (bil-, to know) + ‎𐰭 (ŋ) → ‎𐰋𐰃𐰠𐰭 (biliŋ, you must know!)
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  • 𐰘𐰤 (-eyin, first person singular imperative suffix)
  • 𐰏𐰠 (-gil, second person singular imperative suffix)
  • 𐰠𐰢 (-elim, first person plural imperative suffix)
  • 𐰕𐰈𐰤 (-zün, third person imperative suffix)

References

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