公卿
Chinese[edit]
just; honourable; public just; honourable; public; common; fair; duke; mister |
(old) minister; (old) term of endearment between spouses; thou (poet.) | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (公卿) | 公 | 卿 | |
simp. #(公卿) | 公 | 卿 |
Etymology[edit]
Originally a clipping of 三公九卿 (Sāngōng Jiǔqīng).
Pronunciation[edit]
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄥ ㄑㄧㄥ
- Tongyong Pinyin: gongcing
- Wade–Giles: kung1-chʻing1
- Yale: gūng-chīng
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: gongching
- Palladius: гунцин (guncin)
- Sinological IPA (key): /kʊŋ⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰiŋ⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Middle Chinese: kuwng khjaeng
Noun[edit]
公卿
- (literary) the Three Excellencies and Nine Ministers
- (literary) generic term for all of the high-level ministers and officials within the government
Descendants[edit]
References[edit]
- 三公 on the Chinese Wikipedia.Wikipedia zh
- 九卿 on the Chinese Wikipedia.Wikipedia zh
Japanese[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
公 | 卿 |
く Grade: 2 |
きょう > ぎょう Jinmeiyō |
goon |
Alternative spellings |
---|
供饗 (table) 公饗 (table) |
/kuᵑ kʲau/ → /kuɡʲau/ → /kuɡʲɔː/ → /kuɡʲoː/
From Middle Chinese 公卿 (MC kuwng khjaeng). The 呉音 (goon, literally “Wu sound”) reading, so likely the earlier borrowing from Middle Chinese.
Separately, the 公 (kō, literally “official”) collectively refers to the 太政大臣 (daijō-daijin, “chancellor of the realm”), 左大臣 (sadaijin, “minister of the left”), and 右大臣 (udaijin, “minister of the right”); and 卿 (kei, literally “state minister”) the 大納言 (dainagon, “upper counselor”), 中納言 (chūnagon, “middle counselor”), the court nobility of the third rank or higher, and the 参議 (sangi, “state counselors”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- (politics, historical) a court nobleman; the nobility
- a small lacquered 膳 (zen, “tray table”) used by kugyō nobles
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 2[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
公 | 卿 |
こう Grade: 2 |
けい Jinmeiyō |
kan’on |
From Middle Chinese 公卿 (MC kuwng khjaeng).
The 漢音 (kan'on, literally “Han sound”) reading, so likely a later borrowing from Middle Chinese.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
- (historical) the 三公 (Sankō, “Three Excellencies”) and 九卿 (Kyūkei, “Nine Ministers”) in ancient China
- (by extension, politics, historical) Same as くぎょう (kugyō) above
See also[edit]
Etymology 3[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
公 | 卿 |
くげ | |
Grade: 2 | Jinmeiyō |
jukujikun |
For pronunciation and definitions of 公卿 – see the following entry. | ||
| ||
(This term, 公卿, is an alternative spelling of the above term.) |
Etymology 4[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
公 | 卿 |
もうちぎみ | |
Grade: 2 | Jinmeiyō |
jukujikun |
Alternative spellings |
---|
卿 大夫 |
⟨mape1 tu ki1mi1⟩ → */mapʲetukʲimʲi/ → /maɸet͡ɕʉɡimi/ → /maũt͡ɕiɡimi/ → /mɔːt͡ɕiɡimi/ → /moːt͡ɕiɡimi/
Shift from Old Japanese 公卿 (mape1tuki1mi1 → maetsukimi).[1]
Refers to noblemen who serve before the Emperor.
Noun[edit]
公卿 • (mōchigimi) ←まうちぎみ (mautigimi)?
Quotations[edit]
For quotations using this term, see Citations:公卿.
Derived terms[edit]
Etymology 5[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
公 | 卿 |
まちぎみ | |
Grade: 2 | Jinmeiyō |
jukujikun |
Alternative spelling |
---|
卿 |
/maut͡ɕiɡimi/ → /mɔ̃t͡ɕiɡimi/ → /mat͡ɕiɡimi/
Shift from mōchigimi above, historical mauchigimi.[1]
Noun[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
- 太政大臣 (ōmatsurigoto no ōmatsugimi, Wamyōshō spelling)
Etymology 6[edit]
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
公 | 卿 |
まつぎみ | |
Grade: 2 | Jinmeiyō |
jukujikun |
Coined by Motoori Norinaga in 1798.[2]
Shift from either Old Japanese 公卿 (mape1tuki1mi1 → maetsukimi), mōchigimi (historical mauchigimi), or machigimi above.
Noun[edit]
Quotations[edit]
For quotations using this term, see Citations:公卿.
References[edit]
Korean[edit]
Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
公 | 卿 |
Noun[edit]
公卿 • (gonggyeong) (hangeul 공경)
Old Japanese[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Originally a compound of 前 (mape1, “head, in front”) + つ (tu, possessive particle) + 君 (ki1mi1, “emperor”).[1]
Refers to noblemen who serve before the Emperor.
Noun[edit]
公卿 (mape1tuki1mi1) (kana まへつきみ)
Quotations[edit]
For quotations using this term, see Citations:公卿.
Derived terms[edit]
- 大臣 (opomape1tuki1mi1)
Descendants[edit]
- Japanese: 公卿 (maetsukimi → maetsugimi → mōchigimi, in modern Japanese dictionaries)
Etymology 2[edit]
Possibly a shift from mape1tuki1mi1 above.
Noun[edit]
公卿 (matiki1mi1) (kana まちきみ)
Quotations[edit]
For quotations using this term, see Citations:公卿.
Derived terms[edit]
- 姫大夫 (pi1me1matiki1mi1)
Descendants[edit]
- Japanese: 公卿 (machigimi)
References[edit]
- Chinese clippings
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese literary terms
- Japanese terms spelled with 公 read as く
- Japanese terms spelled with 卿
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji
- Japanese terms written with two Han script characters
- ja:Politics
- Japanese terms with historical senses
- Japanese terms spelled with 公 read as こう
- Japanese terms spelled with 公
- Japanese terms read with jukujikun
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese honorific terms
- Japanese terms with archaic senses
- Japanese terms with rare senses
- Japanese terms coined by Motoori Norinaga
- Japanese coinages
- Korean lemmas
- Korean nouns
- Korean nouns in Han script
- Old Japanese compound terms
- Old Japanese lemmas
- Old Japanese nouns
- Old Japanese honorific terms
- Old Japanese terms with rare senses