三更

Chinese

		three	to change; more; even more to change; more; even more; further; still; still more
simp. and trad. (三更)		三	更

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): sāngēng, sānjīng

  (Zhuyin): ㄙㄢ ㄍㄥ, ㄙㄢ ㄐㄧㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): saam¹ gaang¹ / saam¹ gang¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): sâm-kâng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): saⁿ-kiⁿ / saⁿ-keⁿ

  (Teochew, Peng'im): san¹ gên¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: sāngēng
    • Zhuyin: ㄙㄢ ㄍㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sangeng
    • Wade–Giles: san¹-kêng¹
    • Yale: sān-gēng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sangeng
    • Palladius: саньгэн (sanʹgɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sän⁵⁵ kɤŋ⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, variant)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: sānjīng
    • Zhuyin: ㄙㄢ ㄐㄧㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sanjing
    • Wade–Giles: san¹-ching¹
    • Yale: sān-jīng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sanjing
    • Palladius: саньцзин (sanʹczin)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sän⁵⁵ t͡ɕiŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: saam¹ gaang¹ / saam¹ gang¹
    • Yale: sāam gāang / sāam gāng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: saam¹ gaang¹ / saam¹ gang¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: sam¹ gang¹ / sam¹ geng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /saːm⁵⁵ kaːŋ⁵⁵/, /saːm⁵⁵ kɐŋ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: sâm-kâng
    • Hakka Romanization System: sam´ gang´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: sam¹ gang¹
    • Sinological IPA: /sam²⁴⁻¹¹ kaŋ²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: saⁿ-kiⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: sann-kinn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sva'kvy
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sã³³ kĩ³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /sã⁴⁴⁻²² kĩ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /sã⁴⁴⁻³³ kĩ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: saⁿ-keⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: sann-kenn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sva'kvef
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /sã⁴⁴⁻²² kɛ̃⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /sã⁴⁴⁻³³ kẽ⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: san¹ gên¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: saⁿ keⁿ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sã³³⁻²³ kẽ³³/

Noun

三更

1. third watch (between 11:00pm and 1:00am); midnight

Derived terms

• 三更半夜
• 三更半暝
• 三更四鼓
• 三更燈火五更雞／三更灯火五更鸡 (sāngēng dēnghuǒ wǔgēng jī)
• 半夜三更
• 半暝三更
• 夜半三更 (yèbànsāngēng)
• 閻王叫你三更死，誰敢留人到五更／阎王叫你三更死，谁敢留人到五更 (Yánwáng jiào nǐ sāngēng sǐ, shéi gǎn liú rén dào wǔgēng)

 

Related terms

• 初更 (chūgēng)
• 二更 (èrgēng)
• 四更 (sìgēng)
• 五更 (wǔgēng)

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (三更):

• → Japanese: 三更(さんこう) (sankō)
• → Korean: 삼경(三更) (samgyeong)