ἀμυδρός

See also: αμυδρός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Unknown. Ancient Greek ἀμαυρός (amaurós, “dark”) is close in meaning and form, but the two cannot be combined in Indo-European terms. Influence of φαιδρός (phaidrós, “bright, beaming”) has been proposed, but such contaminations are often rather gratuitous. In principle, ἀμυδ- may continue an Indo-European root *h₂mud-. The Slavic root Proto-Slavic *mъd- (“weakness”) cannot continue *h₂mud- in view of Winter's Law (so it is from *mudʰ-).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /a.my.drós/ → /a.myˈðros/ → /a.miˈðros/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /a.my.drós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /a.myˈdros/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /a.myˈðros/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /a.myˈðros/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /a.miˈðros/

Adjective

ἀμῠδρός • (amudrós) m (feminine ἀμῠδρᾱ́, neuter ἀμῠδρόν); first/second declension

1. dim, faint, obscure
2. (in general) faint, weak
3. vague, indistinct, obscure

Inflection

First and second declension of ἀμῠδρός; ἀμῠδρᾱ́; ἀμῠδρόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		ἀμῠδρός amudrós	ἀμῠδρᾱ́ amudrā́	ἀμῠδρόν amudrón		ἀμῠδρώ amudrṓ	ἀμῠδρᾱ́ amudrā́	ἀμῠδρώ amudrṓ		ἀμῠδροί amudroí	ἀμῠδραί amudraí	ἀμῠδρᾰ́ amudrá
Genitive		ἀμῠδροῦ amudroû	ἀμῠδρᾶς amudrâs	ἀμῠδροῦ amudroû		ἀμῠδροῖν amudroîn	ἀμῠδραῖν amudraîn	ἀμῠδροῖν amudroîn		ἀμῠδρῶν amudrôn	ἀμῠδρῶν amudrôn	ἀμῠδρῶν amudrôn
Dative		ἀμῠδρῷ amudrôi	ἀμῠδρᾷ amudrâi	ἀμῠδρῷ amudrôi		ἀμῠδροῖν amudroîn	ἀμῠδραῖν amudraîn	ἀμῠδροῖν amudroîn		ἀμῠδροῖς amudroîs	ἀμῠδραῖς amudraîs	ἀμῠδροῖς amudroîs
Accusative		ἀμῠδρόν amudrón	ἀμῠδρᾱ́ν amudrā́n	ἀμῠδρόν amudrón		ἀμῠδρώ amudrṓ	ἀμῠδρᾱ́ amudrā́	ἀμῠδρώ amudrṓ		ἀμῠδρούς amudroús	ἀμῠδρᾱ́ς amudrā́s	ἀμῠδρᾰ́ amudrá
Vocative		ἀμῠδρέ amudré	ἀμῠδρᾱ́ amudrā́	ἀμῠδρόν amudrón		ἀμῠδρώ amudrṓ	ἀμῠδρᾱ́ amudrā́	ἀμῠδρώ amudrṓ		ἀμῠδροί amudroí	ἀμῠδραί amudraí	ἀμῠδρᾰ́ amudrá
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		ἀμῠδρῶς amudrôs				ἀμῠδρότερος amudróteros				ἀμῠδρότᾰτος amudrótatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ἀμῠδρήεις (amudrḗeis)
• ἀμῠδρότης (amudrótēs)
• ἀμῠδρόω (amudróō)
• ἀμῠ́δρωσις (amúdrōsis)

 

Descendants

• Greek: αμυδρός (amydrós)

Further reading

• “ἀμυδρός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἀμυδρός”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ἀμυδρός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἀμυδρός in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN