كرم
Arabic[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Root |
---|
ك ر م (k-r-m) |
Verb[edit]
كَرُمَ • (karuma) I, non-past يَكْرُمُ (yakrumu)
- to be or become noble
- Antonym: لَؤُمَ (laʔuma)
- to be or become generous
- Antonym: بَخِلَ (baḵila)
- to be or become precious
Conjugation[edit]
verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر |
karam or karama or karāma | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
kārim | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | karumtu |
karumta |
كَرُمَ karuma |
karumtumā |
karumā |
karumnā |
karumtum |
karumū | |||
f | karumti |
karumat |
karumatā |
karumtunna |
karumna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔakrumu |
takrumu |
yakrumu |
takrumāni |
yakrumāni |
nakrumu |
takrumūna |
yakrumūna | |||
f | takrumīna |
takrumu |
takrumāni |
takrumna |
yakrumna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔakruma |
takruma |
yakruma |
takrumā |
yakrumā |
nakruma |
takrumū |
yakrumū | |||
f | takrumī |
takruma |
takrumā |
takrumna |
yakrumna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔakrum |
takrum |
yakrum |
takrumā |
yakrumā |
nakrum |
takrumū |
yakrumū | |||
f | takrumī |
takrum |
takrumā |
takrumna |
yakrumna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | ukrum |
ukrumā |
ukrumū |
||||||||
f | ukrumī |
ukrumna |
Verb[edit]
كَرَّمَ • (karrama) II, non-past يُكَرِّمُ (yukarrimu)
Conjugation[edit]
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
takrīm | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
mukarrim | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
mukarram | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | karramtu |
karramta |
كَرَّمَ karrama |
karramtumā |
karramā |
karramnā |
karramtum |
karramū | |||
f | karramti |
karramat |
karramatā |
karramtunna |
karramna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔukarrimu |
tukarrimu |
yukarrimu |
tukarrimāni |
yukarrimāni |
nukarrimu |
tukarrimūna |
yukarrimūna | |||
f | tukarrimīna |
tukarrimu |
tukarrimāni |
tukarrimna |
yukarrimna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔukarrima |
tukarrima |
yukarrima |
tukarrimā |
yukarrimā |
nukarrima |
tukarrimū |
yukarrimū | |||
f | tukarrimī |
tukarrima |
tukarrimā |
tukarrimna |
yukarrimna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔukarrim |
tukarrim |
yukarrim |
tukarrimā |
yukarrimā |
nukarrim |
tukarrimū |
yukarrimū | |||
f | tukarrimī |
tukarrim |
tukarrimā |
tukarrimna |
yukarrimna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | كَرِّمْ karrim |
karrimā |
karrimū |
||||||||
f | karrimī |
karrimna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | kurrimtu |
kurrimta |
كُرِّمَ kurrima |
kurrimtumā |
kurrimā |
kurrimnā |
kurrimtum |
kurrimū | |||
f | kurrimti |
kurrimat |
kurrimatā |
kurrimtunna |
kurrimna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔukarramu |
tukarramu |
yukarramu |
tukarramāni |
yukarramāni |
nukarramu |
tukarramūna |
yukarramūna | |||
f | tukarramīna |
tukarramu |
tukarramāni |
tukarramna |
yukarramna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔukarrama |
tukarrama |
yukarrama |
tukarramā |
yukarramā |
nukarrama |
tukarramū |
yukarramū | |||
f | tukarramī |
tukarrama |
tukarramā |
tukarramna |
yukarramna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔukarram |
tukarram |
yukarram |
tukarramā |
yukarramā |
nukarram |
tukarramū |
yukarramū | |||
f | tukarramī |
tukarram |
tukarramā |
tukarramna |
yukarramna |
Noun[edit]
كَرَم • (karam) m
- verbal noun of كَرُمَ (karuma) (form I)
- nobleness, kindness
- generosity
- Synonym: سَخَاء (saḵāʔ)
- 2018 July 6, “رئيس الجمهورية يزور مدينة “عرتا” الجيبوتية [The President of the Republic visits the town of ʿartā of Djibouti]”, in وكالة الأنباء الوطنية الصومالية [Somali National News Agency][1], archived from the original on 2019-01-27:
- لمدينة عرتا لها ذاكرة في قلوب الصوماليين، حيث إحتضنت نقبة كبيرة من المجتمع الصومالي، وأنها أصبحت رمزا للكرم والسخاء.
- li-madīnati ʕartā la-hā ḏākiratun fī qulūbi ṣ-ṣūmāliyyīna, ḥayṯu ḥtaḍanat naqbatan kabīratan mina l-mujtamaʕi ṣ-ṣūmāliyyi, wa-ʔanna-hā ʔaṣbaḥat ramzan li-l-karami wa-s-saḵāʔi.
- The town of ʿartā is of avid memory with the Somalis in that it embraced a large swathe of Somali society and became a symbol of openhandedness and generosity.
Declension[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- → Azerbaijani: kərəm
- → Swahili: karamu (“banquet, celebration”)
- → Ottoman Turkish: كرم (kerem)
- Turkish: kerem
- → Spanish: encaramar (“to climb, to lift”)
- → Uyghur: كەرەم (kerem)
- → Uzbek: karam
Etymology 2[edit]
Compare Ugaritic 𐎋𐎗𐎎 (krm, “vineyard”), Aramaic כַּרְמָא (karmā, “vineyard”), Hebrew כֶּרֶם (kérem, “vineyard”), Akkadian 𒃾 (karānum, “wine, vine, grapes”), and the possible etymon Egyptian kꜣm. Due to the small difference in the third consonant of the Akkadian form, the Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou suggests a borrowing from a language of Anatolia, the same suspicion as for Proto-West Semitic *wayn- (“grape”), and additionally speculates that the homonymic root related to nobleness derived from the name of the vine plant.
Noun[edit]
كَرْم • (karm) m (collective, singulative كَرْمَة f (karma), plural كُرُوم (kurūm))
Declension[edit]
Collective | basic collective triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | كَرْم karm |
الْكَرْم al-karm |
كَرْم karm |
Nominative | كَرْمٌ karmun |
الْكَرْمُ al-karmu |
كَرْمُ karmu |
Accusative | كَرْمًا karman |
الْكَرْمَ al-karma |
كَرْمَ karma |
Genitive | كَرْمٍ karmin |
الْكَرْمِ al-karmi |
كَرْمِ karmi |
Singulative | singulative triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | كَرْمَة karma |
الْكَرْمَة al-karma |
كَرْمَة karmat |
Nominative | كَرْمَةٌ karmatun |
الْكَرْمَةُ al-karmatu |
كَرْمَةُ karmatu |
Accusative | كَرْمَةً karmatan |
الْكَرْمَةَ al-karmata |
كَرْمَةَ karmata |
Genitive | كَرْمَةٍ karmatin |
الْكَرْمَةِ al-karmati |
كَرْمَةِ karmati |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | كَرْمَتَيْن karmatayn |
الْكَرْمَتَيْن al-karmatayn |
كَرْمَتَيْ karmatay |
Nominative | كَرْمَتَانِ karmatāni |
الْكَرْمَتَانِ al-karmatāni |
كَرْمَتَا karmatā |
Accusative | كَرْمَتَيْنِ karmatayni |
الْكَرْمَتَيْنِ al-karmatayni |
كَرْمَتَيْ karmatay |
Genitive | كَرْمَتَيْنِ karmatayni |
الْكَرْمَتَيْنِ al-karmatayni |
كَرْمَتَيْ karmatay |
Paucal (3-10) | sound feminine paucal | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | كَرْمَات karmāt |
الْكَرْمَات al-karmāt |
كَرْمَات karmāt |
Nominative | كَرْمَاتٌ karmātun |
الْكَرْمَاتُ al-karmātu |
كَرْمَاتُ karmātu |
Accusative | كَرْمَاتٍ karmātin |
الْكَرْمَاتِ al-karmāti |
كَرْمَاتِ karmāti |
Genitive | كَرْمَاتٍ karmātin |
الْكَرْمَاتِ al-karmāti |
كَرْمَاتِ karmāti |
Plural of variety | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | كُرُوم kurūm |
الْكُرُوم al-kurūm |
كُرُوم kurūm |
Nominative | كُرُومٌ kurūmun |
الْكُرُومُ al-kurūmu |
كُرُومُ kurūmu |
Accusative | كُرُومًا kurūman |
الْكُرُومَ al-kurūma |
كُرُومَ kurūma |
Genitive | كُرُومٍ kurūmin |
الْكُرُومِ al-kurūmi |
كُرُومِ kurūmi |
Descendants[edit]
References[edit]
- Corriente, Federico, Pereira, Christophe, Vicente, Angeles, editors (2017), Dictionnaire du faisceau dialectal arabe andalou. Perspectives phraséologiques et étymologiques (in French), Berlin: De Gruyter, →ISBN, pages 1100–1101
- Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “كرم”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes[2] (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 459–460
- Freytag, Georg (1837) “كرم”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[3] (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 28–29
- Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “كرم”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc[4] (in French), volume 2, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, pages 888–890
- Wehr, Hans (1979) “كرم”, in J. Milton Cowan, editor, A Dictionary of Modern Written Arabic, 4th edition, Ithaca, NY: Spoken Language Services, →ISBN, pages 962–963
Ottoman Turkish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Noun[edit]
كرم • (karim)
Descendants[edit]
- Turkish: kerem
Proper noun[edit]
كرم • (Kerem)
- a male given name from Arabic: Kerem
South Levantine Arabic[edit]
Root |
---|
ك ر م |
2 terms |
Etymology[edit]
From Arabic كَرَّمَ (karrama).
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
كرّم • (karram) II (present بكرّم (bikarrem))
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of كرّم (karram) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | كرّمت (karramt) | كرّمت (karramt) | كرّم (karram) | كرّمنا (karramna) | كرّمتو (karramtu) | كرّمو (karramu) | |
f | كرّمتي (karramti) | كرّمت (karramat) | ||||||
present | m | بكرّم (bakarrem) | بتكرّم (bitkarrem) | بكرّم (bikarrem) | منكرّم (minkarrem) | بتكرّمو (bitkarrmu) | بكرّمو (bikarrmu) | |
f | بتكرّمي (bitkarrmi) | بتكرّم (bitkarrem) | ||||||
subjunctive | m | اكرّم (akarrem) | تكرّم (tkarrem) | يكرّم (ykarrem) | نكرّم (nkarrem) | تكرّمو (tkarrmu) | يكرّمو (ykarrmu) | |
f | تكرّمي (tkarrmi) | تكرّم (tkarrem) | ||||||
imperative | m | كرّم (karrem) | كرّمو (karrmu) | |||||
f | كرّمي (karrmi) |
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