عرناس

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Arabic

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عَرْنَاس

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Suspected to be borrowed from Aramaic *עַרְנָסָא (*ʿarnāsā, distaff), attested as Classical Syriac ܥܱܪܢܳܣܴܐ (ʿarnāsā) but from the 9th century and Jewish Babylonian Aramaic אורנאסא (ʾurnāsā) once in the Tractate Šabbaṯ of the Gemara folio 91b(41) of uncertain meaning, lost already to the Geonim, certainly not distaff, and once mentioned by Hai Gaon commenting Tractate Kēlīm Chapter 21, 1 and referring to the previous occurrence he commented, noting it to be used at his time in Babylonia in the meaning of distaff like the Arabic, else in Neo-Aramaic lects borrowed from Arabic, so the assumed borrowing direction is met with reservation; in either language likely a foreign word, further the provenance is unknown.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ʕir.naːs/, /ʕar.naːs/

Noun

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عِرْنَاس or عَرْنَاس (ʕirnās or ʕarnāsm (plural عَرَانِيس (ʕarānīs))

  1. distaff
  2. (obsolete) a kind of bird similar to a dove
    • a. 1229, Yāqūt al-Ḥamawīy, edited by Ferdinand Wüstenfeld, كتاب معجم البلدان [kitāb muʿjam al-buldān][1], volume 4, Leipzig: F.A. Brockhaus, published 1869, page 585 line 2:
      quoting
      , ثعلبة بن غيلان [Ṯaʿlaba ibn Ġaylān], nothing seems to be known of this poet:
      إِذَا شِئْتُ غَنَّانِي ٱلْحَمَامُ بِعَيْكَةٍ
      وَلَيْسَ سَوَاءً صَوْتُهَا وَٱلْعَرَانِس
      ʔiḏā šiʔtu ḡannānī l-ḥamāmu biʕaykatin
      walaysa sawāʔan ṣawtuhā wal-ʕarānis
      When I want, the doves sing me in the thicket
      And their voices and those of the ʿarānīs are not on par

Declension

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Coordinate terms

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References

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  • غزل (حرفة) on the Arabic Wikipedia.Wikipedia ar
  • ˁrns”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
  • ˀwrnsˀ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
  • Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “عرناس”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes[2] (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 122
  • Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 94
  • Freytag, Georg (1835) “عرناس”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[3] (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 147
  • Ullmann, Manfred (1992) Das Motiv des Spiegels in der arabischen Literatur des Mittelalters (Abhandlungen der Akademie der Wissenschaften in Göttingen: Philologisch-historische Klasse; 198) (in German), Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, pages 27–28 and by Rainer Degen 156–161