vitrificar

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central) [bi.tɾi.fiˈka]
• IPA^(key): (Balearic) [vi.tɾi.fiˈka]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [vi.tɾi.fiˈkaɾ]

Verb

vitrificar (first-person singular present vitrifico, first-person singular preterite vitrifiquí, past participle vitrificat)

1. to vitrify

Conjugation

    Conjugation of vitrificar (first conjugation, c-qu alternation)

infinitive			vitrificar
gerund			vitrificant
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		vitrificat		vitrificada
		plural		vitrificats		vitrificades
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	vitrifico	vitrifiques	vitrifica	vitrifiquem	vitrifiqueu	vitrifiquen
	imperfect	vitrificava	vitrificaves	vitrificava	vitrificàvem	vitrificàveu	vitrificaven
	future	vitrificaré	vitrificaràs	vitrificarà	vitrificarem	vitrificareu	vitrificaran
	preterite	vitrifiquí	vitrificares	vitrificà	vitrificàrem	vitrificàreu	vitrificaren
	conditional	vitrificaria	vitrificaries	vitrificaria	vitrificaríem	vitrificaríeu	vitrificarien
subjunctive		jo	tu	ell/ella vostè	nosaltres nós	vosaltres vós	ells/elles vostès
	present	vitrifiqui	vitrifiquis	vitrifiqui	vitrifiquem	vitrifiqueu	vitrifiquin
	imperfect	vitrifiqués	vitrifiquessis	vitrifiqués	vitrifiquéssim	vitrifiquéssiu	vitrifiquessin
imperative		—	tu	vostè	nosaltres	vosaltres vós	vostès
	affirmative	—	vitrifica	vitrifiqui	vitrifiquem	vitrifiqueu	vitrifiquin
	negative (no)	—	no vitrifiquis	no vitrifiqui	no vitrifiquem	no vitrifiqueu	no vitrifiquin

Related terms

• vitrificació

Portuguese

Etymology

Borrowing from French vitrifier.

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /vi.tɾi.fiˈka(ʁ)/ [vi.tɾi.fiˈka(h)]

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /vi.tɾi.fiˈka(ʁ)/ [vi.tɾi.fiˈka(h)]
  • (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /vi.tɾi.fiˈka(ɾ)/
  • (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /vi.tɾi.fiˈka(ʁ)/ [vi.tɾi.fiˈka(χ)]
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /vi.tɾi.fiˈka(ɻ)/

 

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /vi.tɾi.fiˈkaɾ/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /vi.tɾi.fiˈkaɾ/
  • (Northern Portugal) IPA^(key): /bi.tɾi.fiˈkaɾ/
  • (Southern Portugal) IPA^(key): /vi.tɾi.fiˈka.ɾi/

• Hyphenation: vi‧tri‧fi‧car

Verb

vitrificar (first-person singular present vitrifico, first-person singular preterite vitrifiquei, past participle vitrificado)

1. to vitrify
2. to glaze

Conjugation

    Conjugation of vitrificar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	vitrificar
Personal	vitrificar	vitrificares	vitrificar	vitrificarmos	vitrificardes	vitrificarem
Gerund
	vitrificando
Past participle
Masculine	vitrificado			vitrificados
Feminine	vitrificada			vitrificadas
Indicative
Present	vitrifico	vitrificas	vitrifica	vitrificamos	vitrificais	vitrificam
Imperfect	vitrificava	vitrificavas	vitrificava	vitrificávamos	vitrificáveis	vitrificavam
Preterite	vitrifiquei	vitrificaste	vitrificou	vitrificamos1, vitrificámos2	vitrificastes	vitrificaram
Pluperfect	vitrificara	vitrificaras	vitrificara	vitrificáramos	vitrificáreis	vitrificaram
Future	vitrificarei	vitrificarás	vitrificará	vitrificaremos	vitrificareis	vitrificarão
Conditional	vitrificaria	vitrificarias	vitrificaria	vitrificaríamos	vitrificaríeis	vitrificariam
Subjunctive
Present	vitrifique	vitrifiques	vitrifique	vitrifiquemos	vitrifiqueis	vitrifiquem
Imperfect	vitrificasse	vitrificasses	vitrificasse	vitrificássemos	vitrificásseis	vitrificassem
Future	vitrificar	vitrificares	vitrificar	vitrificarmos	vitrificardes	vitrificarem
Imperative
Affirmative		vitrifica	vitrifique	vitrifiquemos	vitrificai	vitrifiquem
Negative (não)		não vitrifiques	não vitrifique	não vitrifiquemos	não vitrifiqueis	não vitrifiquem

¹Brazilian Portuguese.
²European Portuguese.

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bitɾifiˈkaɾ/ [bi.t̪ɾi.fiˈkaɾ]
• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: vi‧tri‧fi‧car

Verb

vitrificar (first-person singular present vitrifico, first-person singular preterite vitrifiqué, past participle vitrificado)

1. to vitrify

Conjugation

    Conjugation of vitrificar (c-qu alternation) (See Appendix:Spanish verbs)

infinitive			vitrificar
gerund			vitrificando
past participle				masculine		feminine
		singular		vitrificado		vitrificada
		plural		vitrificados		vitrificadas
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	vitrifico	vitrificastú vitrificásvos	vitrifica	vitrificamos	vitrificáis	vitrifican
	imperfect	vitrificaba	vitrificabas	vitrificaba	vitrificábamos	vitrificabais	vitrificaban
	preterite	vitrifiqué	vitrificaste	vitrificó	vitrificamos	vitrificasteis	vitrificaron
	future	vitrificaré	vitrificarás	vitrificará	vitrificaremos	vitrificaréis	vitrificarán
	conditional	vitrificaría	vitrificarías	vitrificaría	vitrificaríamos	vitrificaríais	vitrificarían
subjunctive		yo	tú vos	él/ella/ello usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ellos/ellas ustedes
	present	vitrifique	vitrifiquestú vitrifiquésvos2	vitrifique	vitrifiquemos	vitrifiquéis	vitrifiquen
	imperfect (ra)	vitrificara	vitrificaras	vitrificara	vitrificáramos	vitrificarais	vitrificaran
	imperfect (se)	vitrificase	vitrificases	vitrificase	vitrificásemos	vitrificaseis	vitrificasen
	future1	vitrificare	vitrificares	vitrificare	vitrificáremos	vitrificareis	vitrificaren
imperative		—	tú vos	usted	nosotros nosotras	vosotros vosotras	ustedes
	affirmative		vitrificatú vitrificávos	vitrifique	vitrifiquemos	vitrificad	vitrifiquen
	negative		no vitrifiques	no vitrifique	no vitrifiquemos	no vitrifiquéis	no vitrifiquen

¹Mostly obsolete, now mainly used in legal language.
²Argentine and Uruguayan voseo prefers the tú form for the present subjunctive.

    Selected combined forms of vitrificar (c-qu alternation)

These forms are generated automatically and may not actually be used. Pronoun usage varies by region.

		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
with infinitive vitrificar
	dative	vitrificarme	vitrificarte	vitrificarle, vitrificarse	vitrificarnos	vitrificaros	vitrificarles, vitrificarse
	accusative	vitrificarme	vitrificarte	vitrificarlo, vitrificarla, vitrificarse	vitrificarnos	vitrificaros	vitrificarlos, vitrificarlas, vitrificarse
with gerund vitrificando
	dative	vitrificándome	vitrificándote	vitrificándole, vitrificándose	vitrificándonos	vitrificándoos	vitrificándoles, vitrificándose
	accusative	vitrificándome	vitrificándote	vitrificándolo, vitrificándola, vitrificándose	vitrificándonos	vitrificándoos	vitrificándolos, vitrificándolas, vitrificándose
with informal second-person singular tú imperative vitrifica
	dative	vitrifícame	vitrifícate	vitrifícale	vitrifícanos	not used	vitrifícales
	accusative	vitrifícame	vitrifícate	vitrifícalo, vitrifícala	vitrifícanos	not used	vitrifícalos, vitrifícalas
with informal second-person singular vos imperative vitrificá
	dative	vitrificame	vitrificate	vitrificale	vitrificanos	not used	vitrificales
	accusative	vitrificame	vitrificate	vitrificalo, vitrificala	vitrificanos	not used	vitrificalos, vitrificalas
with formal second-person singular imperative vitrifique
	dative	vitrifíqueme	not used	vitrifíquele, vitrifíquese	vitrifíquenos	not used	vitrifíqueles
	accusative	vitrifíqueme	not used	vitrifíquelo, vitrifíquela, vitrifíquese	vitrifíquenos	not used	vitrifíquelos, vitrifíquelas
with first-person plural imperative vitrifiquemos
	dative	not used	vitrifiquémoste	vitrifiquémosle	vitrifiquémonos	vitrifiquémoos	vitrifiquémosles
	accusative	not used	vitrifiquémoste	vitrifiquémoslo, vitrifiquémosla	vitrifiquémonos	vitrifiquémoos	vitrifiquémoslos, vitrifiquémoslas
with informal second-person plural imperative vitrificad
	dative	vitrificadme	not used	vitrificadle	vitrificadnos	vitrificaos	vitrificadles
	accusative	vitrificadme	not used	vitrificadlo, vitrificadla	vitrificadnos	vitrificaos	vitrificadlos, vitrificadlas
with formal second-person plural imperative vitrifiquen
	dative	vitrifíquenme	not used	vitrifíquenle	vitrifíquennos	not used	vitrifíquenles, vitrifíquense
	accusative	vitrifíquenme	not used	vitrifíquenlo, vitrifíquenla	vitrifíquennos	not used	vitrifíquenlos, vitrifíquenlas, vitrifíquense

Further reading

• “vitrificar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014