ponesha

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Swahili

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Pronunciation

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  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Verb

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-ponesha (infinitive kuponesha)

  1. Causative form of -pona

Conjugation

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Conjugation of -ponesha
Positive present -naponesha
Subjunctive -poneshe
Negative -poneshi
Imperative singular ponesha
Infinitives
Positive kuponesha
Negative kutoponesha
Imperatives
Singular ponesha
Plural ponesheni
Tensed forms
Habitual huponesha
Positive past positive subject concord + -liponesha
Negative past negative subject concord + -kuponesha
Positive present (positive subject concord + -naponesha)
Singular Plural
1st person ninaponesha/naponesha tunaponesha
2nd person unaponesha mnaponesha
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anaponesha wanaponesha
other classes positive subject concord + -naponesha
Negative present (negative subject concord + -poneshi)
Singular Plural
1st person siponeshi hatuponeshi
2nd person huponeshi hamponeshi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) haponeshi hawaponeshi
other classes negative subject concord + -poneshi
Positive future positive subject concord + -taponesha
Negative future negative subject concord + -taponesha
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -poneshe)
Singular Plural
1st person niponeshe tuponeshe
2nd person uponeshe mponeshe
3rd person m-wa(I/II) aponeshe waponeshe
other classes positive subject concord + -poneshe
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -siponeshe
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngeponesha
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singeponesha
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngaliponesha
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singaliponesha
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -aponesha)
Singular Plural
1st person naponesha twaponesha
2nd person waponesha mwaponesha
3rd person m-wa(I/II) aponesha waponesha
m-mi(III/IV) waponesha yaponesha
ji-ma(V/VI) laponesha yaponesha
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chaponesha vyaponesha
n(IX/X) yaponesha zaponesha
u(XI) waponesha see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwaponesha
pa(XVI) paponesha
mu(XVIII) mwaponesha
Perfect positive subject concord + -meponesha
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshaponesha
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -japonesha
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kiponesha
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipoponesha
Consecutive kaponesha / positive subject concord + -kaponesha
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kaponeshe
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -niponesha -tuponesha
2nd person -kuponesha -waponesha/-kuponesheni/-waponesheni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mponesha -waponesha
m-mi(III/IV) -uponesha -iponesha
ji-ma(V/VI) -liponesha -yaponesha
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kiponesha -viponesha
n(IX/X) -iponesha -ziponesha
u(XI) -uponesha see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kuponesha
pa(XVI) -paponesha
mu(XVIII) -muponesha
Reflexive -jiponesha
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -ponesha- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -poneshaye -poneshao
m-mi(III/IV) -poneshao -poneshayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -poneshalo -poneshayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -poneshacho -poneshavyo
n(IX/X) -poneshayo -poneshazo
u(XI) -poneshao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -poneshako
pa(XVI) -poneshapo
mu(XVIII) -poneshamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -ponesha)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yeponesha -oponesha
m-mi(III/IV) -oponesha -yoponesha
ji-ma(V/VI) -loponesha -yoponesha
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -choponesha -vyoponesha
n(IX/X) -yoponesha -zoponesha
u(XI) -oponesha see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -koponesha
pa(XVI) -poponesha
mu(XVIII) -moponesha
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.