bǫlva
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See also: bölva
Old Norse
[edit]Etymology
[edit](This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Verb
[edit]bǫlva (singular past indicative bǫlvaði, plural past indicative bǫluðu, past participle bǫlvaðr)
- (transitive, with dative) to curse The template Template:rfclarify does not use the parameter(s):
2=To place a curse on someone or to curse with swearwords?
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.(clarification of this definition is needed) - to swear
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of bǫlva — active (weak class 2)
| infinitive | bǫlva | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | bǫlvandi | |
| past participle | bǫlvaðr | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | bǫlva | bǫlvaða |
| 2nd-person singular | bǫlvar | bǫlvaðir |
| 3rd-person singular | bǫlvar | bǫlvaði |
| 1st-person plural | bǫlum | bǫluðum |
| 2nd-person plural | bǫlvið | bǫluðuð |
| 3rd-person plural | bǫlva | bǫluðu |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | bǫlva | bǫlvaða |
| 2nd-person singular | bǫlvir | bǫlvaðir |
| 3rd-person singular | bǫlvi | bǫlvaði |
| 1st-person plural | bǫlvim | bǫlvaðim |
| 2nd-person plural | bǫlvið | bǫlvaðið |
| 3rd-person plural | bǫlvi | bǫlvaði |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | bǫlva | |
| 1st-person plural | bǫlum | |
| 2nd-person plural | bǫlvið | |
Conjugation of bǫlva — mediopassive (weak class 2)
| infinitive | bǫlvask | |
|---|---|---|
| present participle | bǫlvandisk | |
| past participle | bǫlvazk | |
| indicative | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | bǫlumk | bǫluðumk |
| 2nd-person singular | bǫlvask | bǫlvaðisk |
| 3rd-person singular | bǫlvask | bǫlvaðisk |
| 1st-person plural | bǫlumsk | bǫluðumsk |
| 2nd-person plural | bǫlvizk | bǫluðuzk |
| 3rd-person plural | bǫlvask | bǫluðusk |
| subjunctive | present | past |
| 1st-person singular | bǫlumk | bǫluðumk |
| 2nd-person singular | bǫlvisk | bǫlvaðisk |
| 3rd-person singular | bǫlvisk | bǫlvaðisk |
| 1st-person plural | bǫlvimsk | bǫlvaðimsk |
| 2nd-person plural | bǫlvizk | bǫlvaðizk |
| 3rd-person plural | bǫlvisk | bǫlvaðisk |
| imperative | present | |
| 2nd-person singular | bǫlvask | |
| 1st-person plural | bǫlumsk | |
| 2nd-person plural | bǫlvizk | |
Derived terms
[edit]- bǫlvan f (“curse, imprecation”)
Related terms
[edit]- bǫl n (“bale, misfortune”)
Descendants
[edit]- Icelandic: bölva
References
[edit]- bölva in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, G. T. Zoëga, Clarendon Press, 1910, at Internet Archive.