User:Ungoliant MMDCCLXIV/Portuguese words of Germanic origin

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This is a glossary of Portuguese words that come from Germanic languages. It is further divided into words that come from English, Frankish, Langobardic, Middle Dutch, Middle High German, Middle Low German, Old English, Old High German, Old Norse, Old Swedish, and Visigothic, and others with roots unclear or unknown.

Some of these words existed in Latin as loanwords from other languages. Some of these words have alternate etymologies and may also appear on a list of Portuguese words from a different language. Some words contain non-Germanic elements. Any form with an asterisk (*) is unattested and therefore hypothetical.

Dutch

[edit]
bombordo
port side of a ship]]: from French babord "portside", from Dutch bakboord "left side of a ship", literally "back side of a ship" (from the fact that most ships were steered from the starboard side), from bak "back, behind", (from Germanic *bakam) + boord "board, side of a ship", see borde below (in Germanic section). Also see estibordo' "starboard" below in the Germanic section
berbequim
carpenter's brace: from regional French veberquin (French vilebrequin), from Dutch wimmelken, from wimmel "auger, drill, carpenter's brace" + -ken, a diminutive suffix, see maniquí below in Middle Dutch section.

English

[edit]
bar
(the beverage establishment)
basquete
basketball
bit
byte
cheque
cheque (US English check)
clique
click
clicar
to click
clube
club
estandarte
standard
futebol
football
interface
interface
náilon
nylon
sanduíche
sandwich
champoo
shampoo
choque
shock
teste
test
turista
tourist
vagão
wagon
faroeste
far west, Western, cowboy
checking, check-up
cocktail, x-burger
cheeseburger, hot dog, hamburger, fast food
mouse, deletar
telemarketing
know-how
mesmerizar
mesmerize

Frankish

[edit]
aguentar
to endure, bear, resist: from Italian agguantare "to retain, take hold of" (originally "to detain with gauntlets"), from a- + guanto "gauntlet", from Frankish *want (see guante below) + verbal suffix -are (suffix changed to -ar in Spanish).
alojar
to lodge, to house, to provide hospitality: from Catalan allotjar, from llotja from Old French loge, see lonja below.
bordar
to embroider: from Frankish *bruzdon (source of Old French brouder, brosder and French broder), from Germanic *bruzd- "point, needle", from the IE root *bhrs-dh-, from *bhrs-, from *bhar-, "point, nail."
destacar
to detach troops]]: from French détachar (influenced by Spanish atacar), from Old French destachier "to unattach", from des- "apart, away" + atachier, a variation of estachier, from estaca, from Frankish stakka, see estaca below in Germanic section.
destacar
to stand out, to emphasize: from Italian staccare "to separate", from Old French destacher, destachier, see destacar above.
estandarte
a military standard: from Old French estandart, probably from Frankish *standhard "standard that marks a meeting place", (implicit sense]]: "that which stands firmly"), from *standan "to stand", (from Germanic *standan, from the IE root *sta- "to stand" [1]) + *hard "hard, firm", see ardid below in Germanic section.
luva/luvas
glove, gauntlet: from Catalan guant "gauntlet", from Frankish *want "gauntlet." [2]
loja
market, building where merchants and sellers gather]]: from regional Catalan llonja (Modern Catalan llotja), from Old French logo "dwelling, shelter", from Frankish *laubja "covering, enclosure", from Germanic *laubja "shelter" (implicit sense "roof made of bark"), from the IE root *leup- "to peel."

Latinate, of Germanic origin

[edit]
[[bisonte (from L bisont-,bison from Gmc, akin to OHG wisant, aurochs)
[[feudal (from Latin feodum, feudum of Gmc origin, akin to OE feoh, cattle, property)
filtro; filtrar
"filter; to filter" from ML filtrum felt from Gmc, akin to OE felt, felt
[[instalar (from ML installare from stallum of Gmc origin, akin to OHG stal, stall)
sabão
"soap" from Latin sapon-, sapo, soap from Gmc

Langobardic

[edit]
palco
a balcony, balcony of a theater: from Italian palco, from Langobardic palko "scaffolding", from Germanic *balkōn "beam, crossbeam", see balcão below in Germanic section.

Middle Dutch

[edit]
baluarte
bulwark]]: from Old French boloart "bulwark, rampart, terreplein converted to a boulevard", from Middle Dutch bolwerc "rampart",
amarrar
to moor a boat, to tie, to fasten]]: from French amarrer, "to moor", from Middle Dutch aanmarren "to fasten", from aan "on" (from Germanic *ana, *anō, from the IE] root *an-[3]) + marren "to fasten, to moor a boat."
manequim
a mannequin, dummy, puppet: from French mannequin, from (probably via Catalan maniquí) Dutch manneken, mannekijn "little man", from Middle Dutch mannekijn, from man "a man" (see alemán below in Germanic section) + the diminutive suffix -ken, -kin, -kijn, from West Germanic*-kin (cf. Modern German -chen)
rumo
direction, course, route, pomp, ostentation]]: from Old Spanishrumbo "each of the 32 points on a compass", from Middle Dutch rume "space, place, rhumb line, storeroom of a ship", from Germanic rūmaz "space, place", from the IE root *reu- "space, to open" [4].

Middle English

[edit]
beisebol
baseball: from Modern English, from base (from Old French base, from Latin basis "base, pedestal", from Ancient Greek βασις basis, from βαινειν bainein "to go, to come", from the IE root [5]) + ball from Middle English bal, (from either Old Norse böllr OR Old English*beall[6]) both from Germanic *ball-, from the IE root *bhel- "to swell" [7].
boxear
to box: from Middle English box [8]

Middle High German

[edit]

Middle Low German

[edit]

Old English

[edit]
arlequim
harlequin: from Italian arlecchino, from Old French Herlequin "mythic chief of a tribe", probably from Middle English Herle king, from Old English Herla cyning, Herla Kyning literally ‘’King Herla’’, a king of Germanic mythologyidentified with Odin/Woden. Cyning "king" is from Germanic *kunjan "family" (hence, by extension royal family), from the IE root *gen- "to birth, regenerate" [9].
bote
a small, uncovered boat]]: from Old French bot, from Middle English bot, boot, from Old Englishbāt, from Germanic *bait-, from the IE root *bheid- "to split" [10].
este
east]]: from French est, from Middle English est, from Old English ēast, from Germanic *aust-, from the IE root *awes-, aus "to shine" [11].
norte
north]]: from Old French nord, from Old Englishnorth, from Germanic *north-, from the IE root *nr-to "north", from *nr- "under, to the left" [12]
oeste
west]]: from Middle English west, from Old Englishwest, from Germanic *west-, from *wes-to-, from *wes-, from *wespero- "evening, dusk" [13]
sul
south (combining form)]]: from Old French sud "south", from Old Englishsūth, from Germanic *sunthaz, from the IE root *sun-, swen-, varaints of *sāwel- "sun" [14]

Old High German

[edit]
banca
bench: see banco’’: bench below
banco
bench]]: from Old High German banc "bench, board"
banco
bank: from French banque "bank", from Italian banca "bench, money changer's table", from Old High German banc, see banco’’: bench above

Old Norse

[edit]
bife
steak, beefsteak]]: from Englishbeefsteak, from beef (ultimately from Latin bōs, bovis "cow", from the IE root *gwou- "ox, bull, cow" [15]) + steak, from Middle English steyke, from Old Norse steik "piece of meat cooked on a spit", from Germanic *stik-, see estaca below in the Germanic section.

Old Swedish

[edit]

Visigothic

[edit]
agasalhar
perhaps from Latin *ad-gasaliare, from Visigothic *gasalja (partner, colleague)
guarda
guard, bodyguard, protection: from Visigothic wardja "a guard", from Germanic wardaz, from the IE root *wor-to-, see guardar below in Germanic section.
guardião
guardian: from Visgothic wardjan accusative of wardja, see guardia above.
atacar
to attack]]: Olt Italianattaccare "to fasten, join, unite, attack (implicit sense]]: to join in a battle)", changed from *estacar (by influence of a-, common verbal prefix) "to fasten, join", from Visigothic stakka "a stick, stake", from Germanic *stak-, see estaca in Germanic section.

Germanic

[edit]
abandonar
to abandon: from Old French a bandon, from a + bandon "control" from ban "proclamation, jurisdiction, power", from Germanic *banwan, *bannan "to proclaim, speak publicly" [16][17]
abordar
to board a ship, to approach, to undertake]]: from a- + ''bordo "side of a ship", variation of borde, see borde below
abotoar
to button: from a- + botão "button", see botão below
abrasar
to burn, to parch]]: from a- + brasa "a coal, ember" (see brasa below) + the verbal suffix -ar
aguardar
to wait, wait for]]: from a- + guardar, see guardar below.
alemão
of Germany (adjective), the German language: from Late Latin Alemanni, an ancient Germanic tribe, from Germanic *alamanniz (represented in Gothic alamans), from ala- "all" + mannis, plural of manna-/mannaz "man" (Gothic manna) from the IE root *man- "man" [18]
ardil
trick, scheme, ruse: from Old Spanishardid "risky undertaking in war", from Catalan ardit (noun) "risky undertaking, strategy", from ardit (adjective) "daring, bold", from a Germanic source represented in Old High Germanharti "daring, bold" and hart "hard", both from the IE root *kor-tu- [19].
arenque
herring: possibly via French hareng, from Germanic (compare Old High Germanhārinc).
harpa
a harp: from French: harpe, from Germanic *harpōn-.
arrimar
to approach: possibly from Old French arrimer, arimer "to arrange the cargo in the storeroom of a ship", from Germanic *rūmaz "room"
atrapar
to trap, to ensnare: from French attraper, from Old French a- + trape "trap", from Germanic *trep- (seen in the Old Englishtræppe) from the IE root *dreb-, from *der- "to run."
bala
a bullet: Italian balla/palla, from Germanic *ball-, see beisebol above in Old English section.
balcão
a balcony: from Italian balcone, from Olt Italianbalcone "scaffold", from Germanic *balkōn "beam, crossbeam", from the IE root *bhelg- "beam, board, plank."
balão
a large ball: from Italian ballone, pallone, balla (see bala above) + -one, an augmentive suffix, related to and possibly the source of Spanish -ão (in balão).
banda
ribbon, band, sash: from Old French bande "knot, fastening", from Germanic ';[[band-', from the IE root *bhondh-, from *bhendh-[20]
banda
band, troop, musical group: from Germanic ';[[bandwa-', "standard, signal", also "group" (from the use of a military standard by some groups), from the IE root *bha- "to shine" (implicit sense "signal that shines").
bandeira
banner: from Vulgar Latin *bandaria "banner", from Late Latin bandum "standard", from Germanic *bandwa, see banda: group below
bandido
bandit, gangster: from Italian bandito "bandit", from bandire "to band together", from Germanic ';[[banwan', see abandonar above
banquete
a banquet: rom Old French banquet, diminutive of banc "bench, long seat", of Germanic origin, of the same family as the Old High Germanbanc, see banco]]: bench above in Old High German section.
bisonte
Bison bison: from Latin bisontem (accusative of bison) "wisent (Bison bonasus)", from Germanic *wisand-, wisunt- (Old High Germanwisant, wisunt).
branco
white, white person, blank: from Vulgar Latin *blancus, from Germanic *blank- "to shine", from the IE root[21].
bloco
a block, a bloc: from French bloc, from Middle Dutch blok "trunk of a tree", from a Germanic source represented in the Old High Germanbloh.
boêmio
a bohemian, of Bohemia, vagabond, eccentric, Gitano, gypsy: from bohemio/Bohemia (from the belief that the Gitanos came from Bohemia), from Latin bohemus, from Boihaemum, literally "place of the Boi/Boii (from Celtic, see bohemio + Latin -haemum "home", from Germanic *haima "home", from the IE root *koi-mo-, from
borda
border, edge: from Old French bord "side of a ship, border, edge", from Frankish
bosque
forest, woods: from Catalan of Provençal of Old French bosc, from Germanic *busk- "brush, underbrush, thicket" (source of Old High Germanbusc).
bosquejo
a sketch, outline, rough draft: from Spanish bosquejar "to sketch, to outline", probably from Catalan bosquejar from bosc, see bosque above.
bota
a boot: from or simply from the same source as French botte "boot", from Old French bote "boot", probably from the same source as Modern French pied bot "deformed foot" in which bot is from Germanic *būtaz, from the IE root *bhau- "to strike", see botar below.
botar
to throw, to bounce, to jump: from Old French boter, bouter "to open, to hit, to strike, to perforate", from Romance bottare "to strike, to push, to shove", from Germanic * buttan "to hit, to strike" from the IE root *bhau- [22]
botão
button: from Old French boton, bouton "button", from boter, bouter "to open, perforate", see botar above
bóia
a buoy: probably from Old French boie, from Germanic, possibly from Old High Germanbouhhan, from Germanic *baukna- "signal", from the IE root *bha- "to shine" [23]
brasa
a coal, ember: from Old French brese "a coal" (Modern French braise), probably from Germanic *bres-, *bhres-, from the IE root *bhreu- [24]
estaca
a stake: from Germanic *stak-, from the IE root *steg- "pale, post pointed stick" [25].
estibordo
starboard side of a ship: from Old French estribord "starboard", (Modern French tribord), from a Germanic source (confer Old English stēorbord). From Germanic *stiurjō "to steer", + Germanic
grupo
group: from Italian gruppo, from a Germanic word represented by Old High Germankropf "beak."
guardar
to guard, watch over, keep, observe (a custom): from Germanic *wardōn "to look after, take care of", from the IE root *wor-to-, "to watch", from *wor-, *wer- "to see, watch, perceive" [26]
oboé
an oboe: from French hautbois from haut (ultimately from Latin altus "high") + bois "wood", see bosque above.
sala
a room: from Germanic sal- "room, house", from the IE root *sol- "hamlet, human settlement."
salão
main room of a house (see sala above) + -on, augmentive suffix.
trampa
a trap: possibly from Germanic, from the same derivation as trampolín (see below) and atrapar (see above).
trampolim
a trampoline: from Italian trampolino "trampoline" (implicit sense]]: game of agility on stilts), from trampoli, plural of a Germanic word *tramp- (such as Germantrampeln and Old High Germantrampen, both meaning "to tread, trample"), from the IE root *dreb-, from
vanguarda
vanguard]]: from Old Spanishavanguardia, from Catalan avantguarda from avant "before, advance", (from Latin ab- + ante "before") + guarda "guard", from Germanic wardaz, see guardia above in Visigothic section.

List

[edit]

A

[edit]
abandonar; abandono
"to abandon" ; "abandon"
atacar
"to attack"
abordar
"to attack (a problem)"

B

[edit]
[[bala
balcão
"balcony"
[[bandeira
bandoleiro
"bandit"
[[banquete
[[barão
bebé
"baby"
bife
"beefsteak"
bigode
"moustache" (from German Bei Gott, "By God")
[[bisonte
branco; branca
"white"
bloco; bloquear
"block; to block"
[[bordar="to embroider"
bote
"boat"
bramar
"to bellow, roar"
brecha
"breach, opening"
brinde
"toast (with drinks)"
brio
"spirit", "brio" (Celtic???)
brisa
"breeze" (Old Spanish briza from East Frisian brisen, to blow fresh and strong)
[[brocha
brotar
"to sprout"
buganvília
"bougainvillea"
burguês
"bourgeoisie", "member of the middle class"
[[busca; buscar

C

[edit]
carpa
"carp"
chocar
"to crash, collide"
clube
"club, association"
cobalto
"cobalt"
comarca
"region"
correia
"strap, belt, leash"

D

[edit]
dália, dahlia
(named for): Swedish18th century botanist Anders Dahl)
dinamarquês
"a Dane, a citizen of the Kingdom of [[Denmark"
dança, dançar
"dance; to dance"
dardo
"a dart"
debute
dique
"a dike wall"
dólar
"a dollar"

E

[edit]
edredão/edredom
"eiderdown"
emboscar
"to ambush"
embraiagem
"clutch"
enriquecer
estampar
"to stamp"
estampida
estandarte
este
"east"
estuco
estuque

F

[edit]
feudal
feudo
flibusteiro
filme
filtro
filtrar
flutuar
frota
flotilha
folclore (from English Folklore)
fornido
fornecido
forragem
forrar
Swedish
framboesa
francês
Swedish
franco
(candid)
franco
(money)
franquear
Swedish
frasco
fresco
futebol

G

[edit]
gabardine; gabardina
gaita
Swedish
galante
galardão
Swedish
galope
Swedish
gado
Swedish
ganhar
Swedish
ganso; gansa
Swedish
garagem
garantia
Swedish
garbo
Swedish
gardênia
Swedish
garrote
Swedish
gavião
gravar
Swedish
gripe, gripa
grisalho
groselha
Swedish
grupo
gadanha
guarida
Swedish
guarnição
guerra
Swedish
guerrilha
gueto
guia
"a guide"
guiar
Swedish
guilhotina
guião
Swedish
grinalda
Swedish
guisa
Swedish
guisar

H

[edit]
falar
heraldo

I

[edit]
inglês
instalar

J

[edit]
jardim

K

[edit]

L

[edit]
lastro
Swedish
lata
Swedish
lista
Swedish
lote
lotaria
Swedish
lua-de-mel
(calque)

M

[edit]
maleta
Swedish
Malta
maquiagem
marcar
Swedish
marcha
Swedish
marchar
Swedish
marechal
Swedish
marquês
Swedish
marquesa
Swedish
marta
Swedish
mascote
Swedish
mação
mastro

N

[edit]
nórdico
Swedish
normando
norte

O

[edit]
oeste
"west"
orgulho
pride

P

[edit]
palco
paquete
Swedish
placa
Swedish

Q

[edit]
queque
"cake"

R

[edit]
rancho
raça
"race (lineage)" from Italian raza of Gmc origin, akin to OHG rīga, line; OE ræw, row
raspar
rata
ratão
refrescar
refutar
(Germanic origin???)
reno
Swedish
retaguarda
Swedish
rico
Swedish
rifa
Swedish
rifle
Swedish
riqueza
Swedish
roubar
Swedish
roubo
Swedish
rum
roupa
Swedish
rufião
rumba
Swedish
russo

S

[edit]
sala
salão
saxofone
sopa
Swedish
sud- /sul
sueco
suíço

T

[edit]
tacha
Swedish
taco
Swedish
tacão
talar
Swedish
tampão
tapa
Swedish
tapar
Swedish
tarjeta
Swedish
teta
Swedish
teutônico
toalha
Swedish
toldo
Swedish
tope
trampa
Swedish
trégua
Swedish
trepar
Swedish
trombone
Swedish
trompa
Swedish
trompeta
tropa
trotar
Swedish
tungstênio
(Tungsten)

U

[edit]
ufano

V

[edit]
vagão
valquíria
Swedish
valsa
vadio
Swedish
vandalismo
vândalo
varão
Swedish
venda
vermute

W

[edit]
wagneriano
Swedish

X

[edit]

Z

[edit]
zinco
zinc