Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/knusōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Orel suggests an onomatopoeic origin. Compare also West Germanic *knussjan.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈknu.sɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*knusōną

1. to strike
2. to bruise

Inflection

Conjugation of *knusōną (weak class 2)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*knusō	*knusǭ	—	*knusōi	?
2nd singular	*knusōsi	*knusōs	*knusō	*knusōsai	*knusōsau
3rd singular	*knusōþi	*knusō	*knusōþau	*knusōþai	*knusōþau
1st dual	*knusōs	*knusōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*knusōþiz	*knusōþiz	*knusōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*knusōmaz	*knusōm	—	*knusōnþai	*knusōnþau
2nd plural	*knusōþ	*knusōþ	*knusōþ	*knusōnþai	*knusōnþau
3rd plural	*knusōnþi	*knusōn	*knusōnþau	*knusōnþai	*knusōnþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*knusōdǭ	*knusōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*knusōdēz	*knusōdēdīz
3rd singular	*knusōdē	*knusōdēdī
1st dual	*knusōdēdū	*knusōdēdīw
2nd dual	*knusōdēdudiz	*knusōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*knusōdēdum	*knusōdēdīm
2nd plural	*knusōdēdud	*knusōdēdīd
3rd plural	*knusōdēdun	*knusōdēdīn
	present	past
participles	*knusōndz	*knusōdaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *knosōn
  • Old English: cnossian
  • Old Saxon: *knosōn
    • Middle Low German: knōsen
  • Old Dutch: *cnoson
    • Middle Dutch: cnōsen
• Old Norse: knosa, *knusa
  • Icelandic: knosa
  • Norwegian:

    Norwegian Bokmål: knuse

    Norwegian Nynorsk: knuse, knusa

  • Swedish: knusa, knosa, knossa
  • Danish: knuse