Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hringōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From *hringaz (“a ring, a circle”) +‎ *-ōną.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈxriŋ.ɡɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*hringōną

1. to make (into) a ring
2. to encircle, to surround
3. to place a ring on

Inflection

Conjugation of *hringōną (weak class 2)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hringō	*hringǭ	—	*hringōi	?
2nd singular	*hringōsi	*hringōs	*hringō	*hringōsai	*hringōsau
3rd singular	*hringōþi	*hringō	*hringōþau	*hringōþai	*hringōþau
1st dual	*hringōs	*hringōw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*hringōþiz	*hringōþiz	*hringōþiz	—	—
1st plural	*hringōmaz	*hringōm	—	*hringōnþai	*hringōnþau
2nd plural	*hringōþ	*hringōþ	*hringōþ	*hringōnþai	*hringōnþau
3rd plural	*hringōnþi	*hringōn	*hringōnþau	*hringōnþai	*hringōnþau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hringōdǭ	*hringōdēdį̄
2nd singular	*hringōdēz	*hringōdēdīz
3rd singular	*hringōdē	*hringōdēdī
1st dual	*hringōdēdū	*hringōdēdīw
2nd dual	*hringōdēdudiz	*hringōdēdīdiz
1st plural	*hringōdēdum	*hringōdēdīm
2nd plural	*hringōdēdud	*hringōdēdīd
3rd plural	*hringōdēdun	*hringōdēdīn
	present	past
participles	*hringōndz	*hringōdaz

Related terms

• *hringijaną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *hringōn
  • Old English: hringian
    • Middle English: ringen
      • English: ring
  • Old Frisian: *hringia
    • West Frisian: ringje
  • Old Saxon: *hringon
    • Middle Low German: ringen
  • Old Dutch: *ringon
    • Middle Dutch: ringen, ringhen
      • Dutch: ringen
  • Old High German: ringōn
    • Middle High German: ringen
• Old Norse: hringa
  • Icelandic: hringa