Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hlōaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kloh₁-ye-, frequentative form of *kleh₁- (“to call, shout”), from *kelh₁- (“to shout”). Cognate with Latin clāmō (“cry out, shout, claim”), Ancient Greek καλέω (kaléō, “call, summon, invite”).

Verb

*hlōaną

1. to shout
2. to bellow; roar

Inflection

Conjugation of *hlōaną (strong class 7e)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hlōō	*hlōaų	—	*hlōai	?
2nd singular	*hlōizi	*hlōaiz	*hlō	*hlōazai	*hlōaizau
3rd singular	*hlōidi	*hlōai	*hlōadau	*hlōadai	*hlōaidau
1st dual	*hlōōz	*hlōaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*hlōadiz	*hlōaidiz	*hlōadiz	—	—
1st plural	*hlōamaz	*hlōaim	—	*hlōandai	*hlōaindau
2nd plural	*hlōid	*hlōaid	*hlōid	*hlōandai	*hlōaindau
3rd plural	*hlōandi	*hlōain	*hlōandau	*hlōandai	*hlōaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hehlō	*hehlōį̄
2nd singular	*hehlōt	*hehlōīz
3rd singular	*hehlō	*hehlōī
1st dual	*hehlōū	*hehlōīw
2nd dual	*hehlōudiz	*hehlōīdiz
1st plural	*hehlōum	*hehlōīm
2nd plural	*hehlōud	*hehlōīd
3rd plural	*hehlōun	*hehlōīn
	present	past
participles	*hlōandz	*hlōanaz

Related terms

• *halōną
• *hulōną

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *hlōan
  • Old English: hlōwan
    • Middle English: lowen, louen, loowen, louwen, lhouen
      • English: low
      • Scots: low
      • Yola: hol
  • Old Saxon: hlōjan, *hlōgian
    • Middle Low German: lōien, lūgen
  • Old Dutch: luoien
    • Middle Dutch: loeyen
      • Dutch: loeien
  • Old High German: hlōjan, hlōon, hluoen, lōwan, luoen, luon, luogen
    • Middle High German: luogen, lüewen, lüejen, lüen
• Old Norse: hlóa; hlói m
  • Icelandic: hlóa