Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/-sman
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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Indo-European *-mn̥, extended with -s-. Plain *-man also existed but was less common in Celtic. The s-variant also turns up in Italic and in several ancient Hellenic dialects, in addition to occasional appearances in Balto-Slavic.[1]
Suffix[edit]
*-sman n
- Forms action nouns from verbal roots.
Usage notes[edit]
The zero-grade is usually used with this suffix, but occasionally the e-grade appears (such as with *bēsman (“blow, strike”)).
Inflection[edit]
| Neuter n-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *-sman | *-smane? | *-smana |
| vocative | *-sman | *-smane? | *-smana |
| accusative | *-sman | *-smane? | *-smana |
| genitive | *-smens | *-smenous? | *-smenom |
| dative | *-smenē | *-smembom | *-smembos |
| locative | *-smen(i) | *? | *? |
| instrumental | *-smenē | *-smembim | *-smembis |
Derived terms[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ Stüber, Karin (1998) The Historical Morphology of n-Stems in Celtic (Maynooth studies in Celtic linguistics; III), Department of Old Irish, National University of Ireland, Maynooth, →ISBN, pages 52-53