-τός

See also: τος and -τος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• -στός (-stós)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *-tós. Related to -τος (-tos).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /tós/ → /tos/ → /tos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /tós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /tos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /tos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /tos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /tos/

Suffix

-τός • (-tós) m (feminine -τή, neuter -τόν); first/second declension

1. creates verbal adjectives of possibility, either active or passive

   ‎δύναμαι (dúnamai, “can”) + ‎-τός (-tós) → ‎δυνατός (dunatós, “able (active), doable (passive)”)

   ‎διαλῡ́ω (dialū́ō, “dissolve”) + ‎-τός (-tós) → ‎διαλυτός (dialutós, “dissoluble”)

2. Forms ordinal and fractional numerals

   ‎τεσσαράκοντα (tessarákonta, “forty”) + ‎-τός (-tós) → ‎τεσσαρακοστός (tessarakostós, “fortieth”)

Declension

First and second declension of -τός; -τή; -τόν (Attic)

Number		Singular				Dual				Plural
Case/Gender		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative		-τός -tós	-τή -tḗ	-τόν -tón		-τώ -tṓ	-τᾱ́ -tā́	-τώ -tṓ		-τοί -toí	-ταί -taí	-τᾰ́ -tá
Genitive		-τοῦ -toû	-τῆς -tês	-τοῦ -toû		-τοῖν -toîn	-ταῖν -taîn	-τοῖν -toîn		-τῶν -tôn	-τῶν -tôn	-τῶν -tôn
Dative		-τῷ -tôi	-τῇ -têi	-τῷ -tôi		-τοῖν -toîn	-ταῖν -taîn	-τοῖν -toîn		-τοῖς -toîs	-ταῖς -taîs	-τοῖς -toîs
Accusative		-τόν -tón	-τήν -tḗn	-τόν -tón		-τώ -tṓ	-τᾱ́ -tā́	-τώ -tṓ		-τούς -toús	-τᾱ́ς -tā́s	-τᾰ́ -tá
Vocative		-τέ -té	-τή -tḗ	-τόν -tón		-τώ -tṓ	-τᾱ́ -tā́	-τώ -tṓ		-τοί -toí	-ταί -taí	-τᾰ́ -tá
Derived forms		Adverb				Comparative				Superlative
		-τῶς -tôs				-τότερος -tóteros				-τότᾰτος -tótatos
Notes:		This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.