𒀀𒀸𒋗𒍑
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Hittite[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Related to other Indo-European words for “good”, such as Ancient Greek ἐΰς (eǘs), Sanskrit सु- (su-), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁su- or *h₁es-u-, but how this resulted in the Hittite word has been debated. Particularly close is Epic Greek ἠΰς (ēǘs), which could point to *h₁eh₁s-u-, perhaps a reduplicated derivative of *h₁es- (“to be”), assuming it is not from *h₁wésus or merely lengthened for metric reasons. Kloekhorst argues that the long ā and geminate -šš- in Hittite can only reflect Proto-Indo-European *HoHs-, so the stem must have been *h₁oh₁s-u-. He reconstructs the original paradigm as *h₁óh₁sus ~ *(h₁)h₁séws.
Adjective[edit]
𒀀𒀸𒋗𒍑 • (a-aš-šu-uš /ʔasːus/)
Inflection[edit]
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| Broad transcription | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| noun class | ||||
| Singular | Plural | |||
| common | neuter | common | neuter | |
| nominative | āššuš | āššu | āššweš | āššu |
| accusative | āššun | āššu | āššamuš | āššu |
| genitive | āššawaš | āššawaš | āššawaš | āššawaš |
| dative-locative | āššawi, āššawe | āššawi, āššawe | āššawaš | āššawaš |
| allative | āššawa | āššawa | – | – |
| ablative | āššawaz(a) | āššawaz(a) | āššawaz(a) | āššawaz(a) |
| instrumental | āššawit | āššawit | āššawit | āššawit |
| Cuneiform | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| noun class | ||||
| Singular | Plural | |||
| common | neuter | common | neuter | |
| nominative | 𒀀𒀸𒋗𒍑 | 𒀀𒀸𒋗 | 𒀀𒀸𒊭𒌑𒌍 | 𒀀𒀸𒋗 |
| a-aš-šu-uš | a-aš-šu | a-aš-ša-ú-eš | a-aš-šu | |
| accusative | 𒀀𒀸𒋗𒌦 | 𒀀𒀸𒋗 | 𒀀𒀸𒊭𒈬𒍑 | 𒀀𒀸𒋗 |
| a-aš-šu-un | a-aš-šu | a-aš-ša-mu-uš | a-aš-šu | |
| genitive | 𒀀𒀸𒊭𒉿𒀸 | 𒀀𒀸𒊭𒉿𒀸 | 𒀀𒀸𒊭𒉿𒀸 | 𒀀𒀸𒊭𒉿𒀸 |
| a-aš-ša-wa-aš | a-aš-ša-wa-aš | a-aš-ša-wa-aš | a-aš-ša-wa-aš | |
| dative-locative | 𒀀𒀸𒊭𒌑𒄿, 𒀀𒀸𒊭𒌑𒂊 | 𒀀𒀸𒊭𒌑𒄿, 𒀀𒀸𒊭𒌑𒂊 | 𒀀𒀸𒊭𒉿𒀸 | 𒀀𒀸𒊭𒉿𒀸 |
| a-aš-ša-ú-i, a-aš-ša-ú-e | a-aš-ša-ú-i, a-aš-ša-ú-e | a-aš-ša-wa-aš | a-aš-ša-wa-aš | |
| allative | 𒀀𒀸𒊭𒉿 | 𒀀𒀸𒊭𒉿 | – | – |
| a-aš-ša-wa | a-aš-ša-wa | |||
| ablative | 𒀀𒀸𒊭𒉿𒊍, 𒀀𒀸𒊭𒉿𒍝 | 𒀀𒀸𒊭𒉿𒊍, 𒀀𒀸𒊭𒉿𒍝 | 𒀀𒀸𒊭𒉿𒊍, 𒀀𒀸𒊭𒉿𒍝 | 𒀀𒀸𒊭𒉿𒊍, 𒀀𒀸𒊭𒉿𒍝 |
| a-aš-ša-wa-az, a-aš-ša-wa-za | a-aš-ša-wa-az, a-aš-ša-wa-za | a-aš-ša-wa-az, a-aš-ša-wa-za | a-aš-ša-wa-az, a-aš-ša-wa-za | |
| instrumental | 𒀀𒀸𒋗𒀉 | 𒀀𒀸𒋗𒀉 | 𒀀𒀸𒋗𒀉 | 𒀀𒀸𒋗𒀉 |
| a-aš-šu-it | a-aš-šu-it | a-aš-šu-it | a-aš-šu-it | |
References[edit]
- Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) “āššu- / āššau̯-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 223–225