𐭬𐭣𐭬

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Middle Persian

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Alternative forms

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  • [Book Pahlavi needed] (ʾpl /⁠abar⁠/)

Etymology

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    From Proto-Iranian *upári, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *upári, from Proto-Indo-European *upér.

    Cognates include English over, Latin super (whence English super), Ancient Greek ὑπέρ (hupér), Old Armenian վեր (ver), German über, Avestan 𐬎𐬞𐬀𐬌𐬭𐬌 (upairi).

    Logogram from Aramaic 𐡒𐡃𐡌 (qd̠ām, qŭd̠ām). Compare Classical Syriac ܩܕܡ (qdām).

    Preposition

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    𐭬𐭣𐭬 (QDM /abar/)

    1. up, on, over
      abar āmadanrise (sun)
      abar nišastansit, be enthroned
      abar nigarīdanconsider

    Descendants

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    • Classical Persian: بر (bar) (as a prefix or preposition), ابر (abar) (as a prefix)

    References

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    • MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “ʾpl”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 1