πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒ½

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Gothic

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Etymology

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From Proto-Germanic *hwerbanΔ… (β€œto turn”).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ΛˆΚΙ›rban/, [ΛˆΚΙ›rΞ²an]

Verb

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πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒ½ β€’ (Ζ•airban)

  1. (intransitive) to walk
    • 2 Thessalonians 3:6:
      𐌰𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌽 𐌰𐌽𐌰𐌱𐌹𐌿𐌳𐌰𐌼 πŒΉπŒΆπ…πŒΉπƒ, πŒ±π‚π‰πŒΈπ‚πŒΎπŒΏπƒ, 𐌹𐌽 𐌽𐌰𐌼𐌹𐌽 π†π‚πŒ°πŒΏπŒΎπŒΉπŒ½πƒ πŒΏπŒ½πƒπŒ°π‚πŒΉπƒ πŒΉπŒ΄πƒπŒΏπŒΉπƒ π‡π‚πŒΉπƒπ„πŒ°πŒΏπƒ, 𐌴𐌹 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπŒΊπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ πŒΉπŒΆπ…πŒΉπƒ πŒ°π† 𐌰𐌻𐌻𐌰𐌼𐌼𐌰 πŒ±π‚π‰πŒΈπ‚πŒ΄ πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πŒ΄ πŒΏπŒ½πŒ²πŒ°π„πŒ°πƒπƒπŒ°πŒ±πŒ° 𐌾𐌰𐌷 𐌽𐌹 𐌱𐌹 πŒ°πŒ½πŒ°π†πŒΉπŒ»πŒ·πŒ°πŒΌ πŒΈπ‰πŒ΄πŒΉ 𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌽𐌴𐌼𐌿𐌸 πŒ°π„ πŒΏπŒ½πƒ.
      aΓΎΓΎan anabiudam izwis, brōþrjus, in namin fraujins unsaris iΔ“suis xristaus, ei gaskaidaiΓΎ izwis af allamma brōþrΔ“ Ζ•airbandanΔ“ ungatassaba jah ni bi anafilham þōei andnΔ“muΓΎ at uns.
      Now we command you, brethren, in the name of our Lord Jesus Christ, that ye withdraw yourselves from every brother that walketh disorderly, and not after the tradition which he received of us. (KJV)
    • 2 Thessalonians 3:11:
      πŒ·πŒ°πŒΏπƒπŒΎπŒ°πŒΌ 𐌰𐌿𐌺 πƒπŒΏπŒΌπŒ°πŒ½πƒ πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πƒ 𐌹𐌽 πŒΉπŒΆπ…πŒΉπƒ πŒΏπŒ½πŒ²πŒ°π„πŒ°πƒπƒπŒ°πŒ±πŒ°, 𐌽𐌹 π…πŒ°πŒΉπŒ·π„ π…πŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒΊπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πƒ, 𐌰𐌺 π†πŒ°πŒΉπ‚π…πŒ΄πŒΉπ„πŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒ½πƒ.
      hausjam auk sumans Ζ•airbandans in izwis ungatassaba, ni waiht waurkjandans, ak fairweitjandans.
      For we hear that there are some which walk among you disorderly, working not at all, but are busybodies. (KJV)

Conjugation

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Class 3 strong
Infinitive πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒ½
Ζ•airban
Indicative Present Past Present passive
1st singular πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°
Ζ•airba
πˆπŒ°π‚πŒ±
Ζ•arb
πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
Ζ•airbada
2nd singular πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒΉπƒ
Ζ•airbis
πˆπŒ°π‚π†π„
Ζ•arft
πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒΆπŒ°
Ζ•airbaza
3rd singular πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒΉπŒΈ
Ζ•airbiΓΎ
πˆπŒ°π‚πŒ±
Ζ•arb
πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
Ζ•airbada
1st dual πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±π‰πƒ
Ζ•airbōs
πˆπŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ±πŒΏ
Ζ•aurbu
2nd dual πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°π„πƒ
Ζ•airbats
πˆπŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ±πŒΏπ„πƒ
Ζ•aurbuts
1st plural πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒΌ
Ζ•airbam
πˆπŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ±πŒΏπŒΌ
Ζ•aurbum
πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
Ζ•airbanda
2nd plural πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒΉπŒΈ
Ζ•airbiΓΎ
πˆπŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ±πŒΏπŒΈ
Ζ•aurbuΓΎ
πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
Ζ•airbanda
3rd plural πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³
Ζ•airband
πˆπŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ±πŒΏπŒ½
Ζ•aurbun
πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
Ζ•airbanda
Subjunctive Present Past Present passive
1st singular πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒΏ
Ζ•airbau
πˆπŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ±πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
Ζ•aurbjau
πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
Ζ•airbaidau
2nd singular πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒΉπƒ
Ζ•airbais
πˆπŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ±πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
Ζ•aurbeis
πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ°πŒΏ
Ζ•airbaizau
3rd singular πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒΉ
Ζ•airbai
πˆπŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ±πŒΉ
Ζ•aurbi
πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
Ζ•airbaidau
1st dual πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ°
Ζ•airbaiwa
πˆπŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ±πŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°
Ζ•aurbeiwa
2nd dual πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ
Ζ•airbaits
πˆπŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ±πŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ
Ζ•aurbeits
1st plural πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
Ζ•airbaima
πˆπŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ±πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
Ζ•aurbeima
πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
Ζ•airbaindau
2nd plural πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
Ζ•airbaiΓΎ
πˆπŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ±πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
Ζ•aurbeiΓΎ
πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
Ζ•airbaindau
3rd plural πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
Ζ•airbaina
πˆπŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ±πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
Ζ•aurbeina
πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
Ζ•airbaindau
Imperative
2nd singular πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±
Ζ•airb
3rd singular πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
Ζ•airbadau
2nd dual πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°π„πƒ
Ζ•airbats
2nd plural πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒΉπŒΈ
Ζ•airbiΓΎ
3rd plural πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
Ζ•airbandau
Present Past
Participles πˆπŒ°πŒΉπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ
Ζ•airbands
πˆπŒ°πŒΏπ‚πŒ±πŒ°πŒ½πƒ
Ζ•aurbans

Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches WΓΆrterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s UniversitΓ€tsbuchhandlung, p. 61