覆蓋

See also: 覆盖

Chinese

		to cover; to overflow; to reply to a letter to cover; to overflow; to reply to a letter; to overturn; to capsize	cover; lid; top cover; lid; top; canopy; to build
trad. (覆蓋)		覆	蓋
simp. (覆盖)		覆	盖

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fùgài

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˋ ㄍㄞˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fuk¹ goi³ / fuk¹ koi³ / fau⁶ goi³
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hok-kài

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fùgài
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˋ ㄍㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fùgài
    • Wade–Giles: fu⁴-kai⁴
    • Yale: fù-gài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuhgay
    • Palladius: фугай (fugaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu⁵¹⁻⁵³ kaɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: fuk¹ goi³ / fuk¹ koi³ / fau⁶ goi³
    • Yale: fūk goi / fūk koi / fauh goi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fuk⁷ goi³ / fuk⁷ koi³ / fau⁶ goi³
    • Guangdong Romanization: fug¹ goi³ / fug¹ koi³ / feo⁶ goi³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fʊk̚⁵ kɔːi̯³³/, /fʊk̚⁵ kʰɔːi̯³³/, /fɐu̯²² kɔːi̯³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hok-kài
    • Tâi-lô: hok-kài
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hokkaix
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hɔk̚⁵⁻²⁴ kai⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hɔk̚³²⁻⁴ kai²¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hɔk̚³²⁻⁵ kai²¹/

Verb

覆蓋

1. to cover

   覆蓋範圍／覆盖范围  ―  fùgài fànwéi  ―  coverage

2. to extend to; to involve; to affect

Synonyms

• (to cover):

• 包圍／包围 (bāowéi)
• 塕埃 (Min Nan)
• 彌漫／弥漫 (mímàn)
• 掩蓋／掩盖 (yǎngài)
• 籠罩／笼罩 (lǒngzhào)
• 網／网 (wǎng)

 

Noun

覆蓋

1. cover
2. plant cover; vegetation

Derived terms

• 覆蓋率／覆盖率 (fùgàilǜ)

 

Japanese

Kanji in this term
覆	蓋
ふく Grade: S	がい Grade: S
on’yomi

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 覆蓋／覆盖 (phjuwk kaj^H, literally “cover + lid”). Compare modern Cantonese reading fuk¹ goi³.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ふくがい [fùkúgáí] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [ɸɯ̟ᵝkɯ̟ᵝɡa̠i]

Noun

覆(ふく)蓋(がい) • (fukugai) 

1. (rare) the act of covering
2. (rare) a covering, something that covers

Usage notes

Rarely used. The synonyms are much more common.

Synonyms

• (covering, in general): 覆(おお)い (ōi), 被覆(ひふく) (hifuku)
• (bed covering): 上掛(うわが)け (uwagake)
• (a lid): 蓋(ふた) (futa)

Verb

覆(ふく)蓋(がい)する • (fukugai suru) transitive suru (stem 覆(ふく)蓋(がい)し (fukugai shi), past 覆(ふく)蓋(がい)した (fukugai shita))

1. (rare) to cover something, to cover something up

Usage notes

Rarely used. The synonym 覆(おお)い被(かぶ)せる (ōikabuseru) is much more common.

Conjugation

Conjugation of "覆蓋する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	覆蓋し	ふくがいし	fukugai shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	覆蓋し	ふくがいし	fukugai shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	覆蓋する	ふくがいする	fukugai suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	覆蓋する	ふくがいする	fukugai suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	覆蓋すれ	ふくがいすれ	fukugai sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	覆蓋せよ¹ 覆蓋しろ²	ふくがいせよ¹ ふくがいしろ²	fukugai seyo¹ fukugai shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	覆蓋される	ふくがいされる	fukugai sareru
Causative	覆蓋させる 覆蓋さす	ふくがいさせる ふくがいさす	fukugai saseru fukugai sasu
Potential	覆蓋できる	ふくがいできる	fukugai dekiru
Volitional	覆蓋しよう	ふくがいしよう	fukugai shiyō
Negative	覆蓋しない	ふくがいしない	fukugai shinai
Negative continuative	覆蓋せず	ふくがいせず	fukugai sezu
Formal	覆蓋します	ふくがいします	fukugai shimasu
Perfective	覆蓋した	ふくがいした	fukugai shita
Conjunctive	覆蓋して	ふくがいして	fukugai shite
Hypothetical conditional	覆蓋すれば	ふくがいすれば	fukugai sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Synonyms

• 覆(おお)い被(かぶ)せる (ōikabuseru)

References

• Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN