自閉症

See also: 自闭症

Chinese

		to exclude oneself from others; to isolate oneself from society	disease; illness; indication or sign of disease
trad. (自閉症)		自閉	症
simp. (自闭症)		自闭	症
Literally: “self-exclusion disease”.

Etymology

Wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 自(じ)閉(へい)症(しょう) (jiheishō); used in Hong Kong and Taiwan since the 1970s, and in Mainland China since the late 1980s (Yu, 2017). In Mainland China, first attested in 1983.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zìbìzhèng

  (Zhuyin): ㄗˋ ㄅㄧˋ ㄓㄥˋ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): zi⁶ bai³ zing³

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): du⁵ bai¹ zen¹

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhṳ-pi-chṳn
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chū-pì-chèng

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ze⁶ bi⁶ zêng³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zìbìzhèng
    • Zhuyin: ㄗˋ ㄅㄧˋ ㄓㄥˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zìhbìjhèng
    • Wade–Giles: tzŭ⁴-pi⁴-chêng⁴
    • Yale: dz̀-bì-jèng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzyhbihjenq
    • Palladius: цзыбичжэн (czybičžɛn)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sz̩⁵¹⁻⁵³ pi⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zi⁶ bai³ zing³
    • Yale: jih bai jing
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzi⁶ bai³ dzing³
    • Guangdong Romanization: ji⁶ bei³ jing³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siː²² pɐi̯³³ t͡sɪŋ³³/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: du⁵ bai¹ zen¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tu³² pai³³ t͡sen³³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhṳ-pi-chṳn
    • Hakka Romanization System: cii bi ziin
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ci⁴ bi⁴ zin⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰɨ⁵⁵ pi⁵⁵ t͡sɨn⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chū-pì-chèng
    • Tâi-lô: tsū-pì-tsìng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zuxpiezexng
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡su³³⁻²¹ pi²¹⁻⁴¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡su³³⁻¹¹ pi¹¹⁻⁵³ t͡siɪŋ¹¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ze⁶ bi⁶ zêng³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsṳ̆ pĭ tsèng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɯ³⁵⁻¹¹ pi³⁵⁻¹¹ t͡seŋ²¹³/

Noun

自閉症

1. (proscribed in Mainland China) autism (neurological disorder) [from 1970s]

   • 據臺《中國時報》8月8日該報記者專訪報道，[…]有人懷疑洪通患了「自閉症」。 [MSC, trad.]
     据台《中国时报》8月8日该报记者专访报道，[…]有人怀疑洪通患了「自闭症」。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1983 September 25, 《画家洪通贫病交迫》, in People's Daily, →ISSN

     Jù Tái “Zhōngguó Shíbào” 8 yuè 8 rì gāi bào jìzhě zhuānfǎng bàodào, […] yǒurén huáiyí Hóng Tōng huàn le “zìbìzhèng”. [Pinyin]

     According to Taiwan's China Times on August 8, one of their reporters interviewed him, reporting that […] some suspect that Hung Tung now has "autism".

   • 雷蒙德（達斯廷·霍夫曼扮演）是個自閉症患者，「雨中人」是他童年時代的綽號。 [MSC, trad.]
     雷蒙德（达斯廷·霍夫曼扮演）是个自闭症患者，「雨中人」是他童年时代的绰号。 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1989 March 17, 《〈雨中人〉——影评界的宠儿》, in People's Daily, →ISSN

     Léiméngdé (Dásītíng Huòfūmàn bànyǎn) shì ge zìbìzhèng huànzhě, “yǔ zhōng rén” shì tā tóngnián shídài de chuòhào. [Pinyin]

     Raymond (played by Dustin Hoffman) is afflicted with autism, and "Rain Man" is his childhood nickname.

Usage notes

Proscribed by the China Disabled Persons' Federation, a Government-organized non-governmental organization in Mainland China.

Synonyms

• 孤獨症／孤独症 (gūdúzhèng)

Derived terms

• 自閉症譜系障礙／自闭症谱系障碍 (zìbìzhèng pǔxì zhàng'ài)

 

References

• “自閉症”, in Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–2022.

Japanese

Kanji in this term
自	閉	症
じ Grade: 2	へい Grade: 6	しょう Grade: S
on’yomi

Etymology

自閉 (jihei, “social withdrawal”) +‎ 症 (-shō, “condition”)

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) じへ​ーしょー [jìhéꜜèshòò] (Nakadaka – [2])
• IPA^(key): [d͡ʑihe̞ːɕo̞ː]

Noun

自(じ)閉(へい)症(しょう) • (jiheishō) 

1. autism (neurological disorder)

Descendants

• → Chinese: 自閉症／自闭症 (zìbìzhèng)
• → Korean: 자폐증 (自閉症, japyejeung)

Korean

Hanja in this term
自	閉	症

Noun

自閉症 • (japyejeung) (hangeul 자폐증)

1. Hanja form^? of 자폐증 (“autism”).