秦始皇

Chinese

		surname; name of a dynasty	first emperor; Qin Shi Huang (259–210
trad. (秦始皇)		秦	始皇
simp. #(秦始皇)		秦	始皇

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): Qín Shǐhuáng

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄣˊ ㄕˇ ㄏㄨㄤˊ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): Чиншыхуон (Činšɨhuon, I-I-I)

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ceon⁴ ci² wong⁴
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): Chîn Sí-hông

  (Teochew, Peng'im): cing⁵ si² huang⁵

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁶zhin-sy-waon

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: Qín Shǐhuáng
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄣˊ ㄕˇ ㄏㄨㄤˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: Cín Shǐhhuáng
    • Wade–Giles: Chʻin² Shih³-huang²
    • Yale: Chín Shř-hwáng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: Chyn Shyyhwang
    • Palladius: Цинь Шихуан (Cinʹ Šixuan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰin³⁵ ʂʐ̩²¹⁴⁻²¹ xu̯ɑŋ³⁵/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: Чиншыхуон (Činšɨhuon, I-I-I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰiŋ²⁴ ʂʐ̩²⁴ xuɑŋ²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ceon⁴ ci² wong⁴
    • Yale: chèuhn chí wòhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsoen⁴ tsi² wong⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: cên⁴ qi² wong⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɵn²¹ t͡sʰiː³⁵ wɔːŋ²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Chîn Sí-hông
    • Tâi-lô: Tsîn Sí-hông
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ciin sy'hoong
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sin²⁴⁻²² si⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sin²⁴⁻²² si⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ hɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sin¹³⁻²² si⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /t͡sin²⁴⁻¹¹ si⁵³⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sin²³⁻³³ si⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ hɔŋ²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: cing⁵ si² huang⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshîng sí huâng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiŋ⁵⁵⁻¹¹ si⁵²⁻³⁵ huaŋ⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶zhin-sy-waon
    • MiniDict: zhin^去 sy waon
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³xxin-sr-hhuaan
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ʑin²² sz̩⁵⁵ ɦuɑ̃²¹/

Proper noun

秦始皇

1. (historical) Qin Shi Huang (the first emperor of China)

Usage notes

• Although the forms First Emperor, Shi Huangdi, and Shih Huang-ti remain more common in non-scholarly English, 秦始皇 is much more common in modern Chinese, with the non-truncated forms only appearing in scholarly or historical works.

• The personal names 嬴政 (attested since the Three Kingdoms period) and the rare hypercorrections 趙政／赵政 (Zhào Zhèng) (attested since the middle Western Han) are anachronisms: Chinese of the period generally employed their 姓 (xìng, “ancestral names”), 氏 (shì, “clan names”), and 名 (míng, “given names”) separately and not in the compound form of modern Chinese.

• In historical context, referred to as 秦王政 (Qínwáng Zhèng, “Zheng, King of Qin”) before his unification of China.

Synonyms

• 秦皇 (Qínhuáng)
• 秦始皇帝 (Qín Shǐhuángdì)
• 始皇帝 (Shǐhuángdì)

Noun

秦始皇 (Should we delete⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)

1. (Wu) expert in writing love letters