年關

Chinese

		year	to close; to shut; to turn off to close; to shut; to turn off; to concern; to involve; mountain pass
trad. (年關)		年	關
simp. (年关)		年	关

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): niánguān

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄢ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): nin⁴ gwaan¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): nî-koan

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ni⁵ guang¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: niánguān
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄍㄨㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: niánguan
    • Wade–Giles: nien²-kuan¹
    • Yale: nyán-gwān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nianguan
    • Palladius: няньгуань (njanʹguanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni̯ɛn³⁵ ku̯än⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: nin⁴ gwaan¹
    • Yale: nìhn gwāan
    • Cantonese Pinyin: nin⁴ gwaan¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: nin⁴ guan¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /niːn²¹ kʷaːn⁵⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nî-koan
    • Tâi-lô: nî-kuan
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ni'koafn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /nĩ²⁴⁻²² kuan⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /nĩ²⁴⁻²² kuan³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /nĩ¹³⁻²² kuan⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /nĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ kuan⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /nĩ²³⁻³³ kuan⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ni⁵ guang¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nî kuang
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni⁵⁵⁻¹¹ kuaŋ³³/

Noun

年關

1. end of the year (formerly time for settling accounts)

   • 到了年關，掌櫃取下粉板說，「孔乙己還欠十九個錢呢！」 [MSC, trad.]
     到了年关，掌柜取下粉板说，「孔乙己还欠十九个钱呢！」 [MSC, simp.]

     From: 1919, Lu Xun, 孔乙己 (Kung I-chi)

     Dàole niánguān, zhǎngguì qǔ xià fěnbǎn shuō, “Kǒng Yǐjǐ hái qiàn shíjiǔ ge qián ne!” [Pinyin]

     At the end of the year, when the tavern keeper took down the board, he said, "Kung I-chi still owes nineteen coppers!"