むす

Japanese

Etymology 1

For pronunciation and definitions of むす – see the following entry.

【蒸す】 [verb] to steam; to heat by steaming; to cook by steaming [verb] to be sultry; to be hot and humid; to be muggy

(This term, むす, is the hiragana spelling of the above term.) For a list of all kanji read as むす, see Category:Japanese kanji read as むす.)

Etymology 2

Alternative spellings
生す 産す

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) む​す [múꜜsù] (Atamadaka – [1])
• IPA^(key): [mɯ̟ᵝsɨᵝ]

Verb

むす • (musu) ^{←むす (musu)?}intransitive ^†yodan

1. (Classical Japanese) to grow
   • Kimigayo (original poem by an anonymous Heian-era author)

     苔(こけ)の生(む)すまで

     koke no musu made

     until moss grows

   • Umi Yukaba (original poem by Ōtomo no Yakamochi)

     山(やま)行(ゆ)かば　草(くさ)生(む)す屍(しかばね)

     yama yukaba kusa musu shikabane

     if I go to the mountains, my corpse shall grow grass

Conjugation

Classical conjugation of "むす" (サ行四段活用, see Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Stem forms
Irrealis (未然形)	むさ		musa
Continuative (連用形)	むし		musi
Terminal (終止形)	むす		musu
Attributive (連体形)	むす		musu
Realis (已然形)	むせ		muse
Imperative (命令形)	むせ		muse
Key constructions
Negative	むさず		musazu
Contrasting conjunction	むせど		musedo
Causal conjunction	むせば		museba
Conditional conjunction	むさば		musaba
Past tense (firsthand knowledge)	むしき		musiki
Past tense (secondhand knowledge)	むしけり		musikeri
Perfect tense (conscious action)	むしつ		musitu
Perfect tense (natural event)	むしぬ		musinu
Perfect-continuative tense	むせり むしたり		museri musitari
Volitional	むさむ		musamu

Derived terms

• 転(てん)石(せき)苔(こけ)むさず (tenseki koke musazu)
• 息(むす)子(こ) (musuko)
• 娘(むすめ) (musume)