ἄκαινα

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• ἄκαινον (ákainon)

Etymology

Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eḱ- (“sharp”). However, according to Beekes, it may also contain the Pre-Greek suffix -αινα, added directly to the stem ακ-

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /á.kai̯.na/ → /ˈa.cɛ.na/ → /ˈa.ce.na/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /á.kai̯.na/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈa.kɛ.na/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.cɛ.na/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ce.na/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ce.na/

Noun

ἄκαινᾰ • (ákaina) f (genitive ἀκαίνης); first declension

1. spike, prick, goad
2. ten foot rod, used as a measure
3. square measure of 100 ft used in Egypt

Inflection

First declension of ἡ ἄκαινᾰ; τῆς ἀκαίνης (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ἄκαινᾰ hē ákaina	τὼ ἀκαίνᾱ tṑ akaínā	αἱ ἄκαιναι hai ákainai
Genitive	τῆς ἀκαίνης tês akaínēs	τοῖν ἀκαίναιν toîn akaínain	τῶν ἀκαινῶν tôn akainôn
Dative	τῇ ἀκαίνῃ têi akaínēi	τοῖν ἀκαίναιν toîn akaínain	ταῖς ἀκαίναις taîs akaínais
Accusative	τὴν ἄκαινᾰν tḕn ákainan	τὼ ἀκαίνᾱ tṑ akaínā	τᾱ̀ς ἀκαίνᾱς tā̀s akaínās
Vocative	ἄκαινᾰ ákaina	ἀκαίνᾱ akaínā	ἄκαιναι ákainai
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ἀκαινιαῖος (akainiaîos)
• ἀκαινοτόμητος (akainotómētos)

 

Descendants

• → Translingual: Acaena

Further reading

• “ἄκαινα”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἄκαινα”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• ἄκαινα in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἄκαινα in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN