فروغ

See also: فروع

Arabic

Root
ف ر غ (f-r-ḡ)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /fu.ruːɣ/

Noun

فُرُوغ • (furūḡ)

1. verbal noun of فَرَغَ (faraḡa) (form I)

Declension

Declension of noun فُرُوغ (furūḡ)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	فُرُوغ furūḡ	الْفُرُوغ al-furūḡ	فُرُوغ furūḡ
Nominative	فُرُوغٌ furūḡun	الْفُرُوغُ al-furūḡu	فُرُوغُ furūḡu
Accusative	فُرُوغًا furūḡan	الْفُرُوغَ al-furūḡa	فُرُوغَ furūḡa
Genitive	فُرُوغٍ furūḡin	الْفُرُوغِ al-furūḡi	فُرُوغِ furūḡi

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian [script needed] (plwk' /⁠frōg⁠/), from Proto-Iranian *fra- + *ráwčah (“light”, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ráwčas, from Proto-Indo-European *lewk-os (“light”)).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [fu.ɾoːɣ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [fʊ.ɾoːɣ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [fʊ.ɾoːɣ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [fʊ.ɾoːɣ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [fu.ɾʊːɣ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [fo.ɹuːɢ̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [fu.ɾɵʁ]

Readings
Classical reading?	furōğ
Dari reading?	furōğ
Iranian reading?	foruğ
Tajik reading?	furüġ

Noun

Dari	فروغ
Iranian Persian
Tajik	фурӯғ

فروغ • (foruğ)

1. brightness, lustre

   Synonym: روشنی (rowšani)

   • c. 1390, Shams-ud-Dīn Muḥammad Ḥāfiẓ, “Ghazal 12”, in دیوان حافظ [The Divān of Ḥāfiẓ]‎^[1]:

     ای فروغِ ماهِ حسن از روی رخشان شما
     آبروی خوبی از چاه زنخدان شما

     ay furôğ-i mâh-i husn az rôy-i raxšân-i šumâ
     âbirôy-i xûbî az čâh-i zanaxdân-i šumâ

     O, the radiance of the moon of grace is from that bright face of yours;
     The dignity of beauty, from the dimple on that chin of yours.

     (Classical Persian transliteration)

Derived terms

• پرفروغ (por-foruğ)
• کم‌فروغ (kam-foruğ)

 

Descendants

• → Urdu: فروغ (furōğ, farōğ)

Proper noun

فروغ • (foruğ)

1. a female given name, Forough

References

• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “فروغ”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim