свеча

Russian

свеча

Alternative forms

• свѣча́ (svěčá) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)

Etymology

Inherited from Old East Slavic свѣча (svěča, “candle”), from Proto-Slavic *svěťa (“candle”), from *světъ (“light”) + *-ja.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [svʲɪˈt͡ɕa]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

свеча́ • (svečá) f inan (genitive свечи́, nominative plural све́чи, genitive plural свече́й or свеч^*, relational adjective свечно́й, diminutive све́чка) (* Dated.)

1. candle (a light source, usually of wax)

   Свеча́ горе́ла на столе́. ― Svečá goréla na stolé. ― A candle was burning on the table.

   Све́чи - иску́сственные исто́чники све́та. ― Svéči - iskússtvennyje istóčniki svéta. ― Candles are artificial light sources.

2. (physics) candela (unit of luminous intensit)

   Synonym: канде́ла f (kandɛ́la)

3. (automotive) spark plug / sparking plug
4. (medicine) suppository

Declension

Declension of свеча́ (inan fem-form sibilant-stem accent-f/d) 

	singular	plural
nominative	свеча́ svečá	све́чи svéči
genitive	свечи́ svečí	свече́й, све́ч* svečéj, svéč*
dative	свече́ svečé	свеча́м, све́чам* svečám, svéčam*
accusative	свечу́ svečú	све́чи svéči
instrumental	свечо́й, свечо́ю svečój, svečóju	свеча́ми, све́чами* svečámi, svéčami*
prepositional	свече́ svečé	свеча́х, све́чах* svečáx, svéčax*

^* Dated.

Derived terms

• свеча́ зажига́ния f (svečá zažigánija)
• свеча́ Я́блочкова f (svečá Jábločkova)
  • све́чечка f (svéčečka)
• подсве́чник m (podsvéčnik)
• свечни́к m (svečník)

Related terms

• свет m (svet)

Descendants

• → Khakas: свечі (sveçì)
• → Uzbek: svecha
• → Yakut: чүмэчи (cümeci)

References

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “свеча”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “свеча”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volume 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 146