до-

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Bulgarian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Slavic *do.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [dɔ-]
  • Audio:(file)

Prefix

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до- (do-)

  1. (used with verbs) up to, until, ad-
  2. (used with verbs) completely, fully (describing a completion of an action to its end)

Derived terms

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Anagrams

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Old Church Slavonic

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Etymology

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From Proto-Slavic *do.

Prefix

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до- (do-)

  1. (used with verbs) up to
    до- (do-) + ‎-ити (-iti, to go) → ‎доити (doiti, to go up to, to reach)
  2. (used with verbs) completely (describing a completion of an action to its end)
  3. (used with adjectives and nouns) pre-, ante- (earlier in time)

Derived terms

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Russian

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Etymology

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Inherited from Proto-Slavic *do.

Pronunciation

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Prefix

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до- (do-)

  1. (used with verbs) up to
    до- (do-) + ‎-йти́ (-jtí, to go) → ‎дойти́ (dojtí, to go up to, to reach)
  2. (used with verbs) completely (describing a completion of an action to its end)
    до- (do-) + ‎чита́ть (čitátʹ, to read) → ‎дочита́ть (dočitátʹ, to finish reading)
  3. (used with adjectives and nouns) pre-, ante- (earlier in time)
    до- (do-) + ‎истори́ческий (istoríčeskij, historic) → ‎доистори́ческий (doistoríčeskij, prehistoric)

Usage notes

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Derived terms

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Ukrainian

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Alternative forms

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  • ді- (di-) (used in certain closed syllables)

Etymology

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Inherited from Old Ruthenian до- (do-), from Old East Slavic до- (do-), from Proto-Slavic *do.

Pronunciation

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Prefix

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до- (do-)

  1. (added to verbs) to, up to, until (indicates reaching a certain (often implied) point in space or time)
    до- (do-) + ‎бі́гти impf (bíhty, to run) → ‎добі́гти pf (dobíhty, to run (to; as far as), to get to, to reach)
    до- (do-) + ‎чека́ти impf (čekáty, to wait) → ‎дочека́ти pf (dočekáty, to wait until)
    до- (do-) + ‎рости́ impf (rostý, to grow) → ‎дорости́ pf (dorostý, to grow (to; as tall/high as), to reach (height, age, amount, etc.), to be old enough for/to)
  2. (added to verbs; usually combined with -ся (-sja)) indicates reaching a specific goal or result
    до- (do-) + ‎би́тися impf (býtysja, to fight) → ‎доби́тися pf (dobýtysja, to achieve, to attain, to gain)
    до- (do-) + ‎вести́ impf (vestý, to lead, to take) → ‎довести́ pf (dovestý, to prove, to evidence)
    до- (do-) + ‎мо́вити impf (móvyty, to say) + ‎-ся (-sja) → ‎домо́витися pf (domóvytysja, to agree on, to come to an agreement)
    до- (do-) + ‎працюва́ти impf (pracjuváty, to work) + ‎-ся (-sja) → ‎допрацюва́тися pf (dopracjuvátysja, to get promoted to, to work yourself into (grave, nervous breakdown, etc.))
  3. (added to verbs) indicates completion
    до- (do-) + ‎роби́ти impf (robýty, to do, to make, to work) → ‎дороби́ти pf (dorobýty, to finish doing, to finish working, to complete)
    до- (do-) + ‎би́ти impf (býty, to hit, to strike) → ‎доби́ти pf (dobýty, to finish off, to kill off, to finish)
    до- (do-) + ‎гра́ти impf (hráty, to play) → ‎догра́ти pf (dohráty, to finish playing, to be done playing)
    до- (do-) + ‎ї́сти impf (jísty, to eat) → ‎дої́сти pf (dojísty, to finish (meal), to eat (up))
  4. (added to verbs) indicates addition or furthering a previous process
    до- (do-) + ‎да́ти impf (dáty, to give) → ‎дода́ти pf (dodáty, to add)
    до- (do-) + ‎писа́ти impf (pysáty, to write) → ‎дописа́ти pf (dopysáty, to add (by writing))
    до- (do-) + ‎міша́ти impf (mišáty, to mix) → ‎доміша́ти pf (domišáty, to admix, to add (by mixing in))
  5. (added to nouns and adjectives) pre-, ante- (prior to in time)
    до- (do-) + ‎істо́рія f (istórija, to history) → ‎доісто́рія f (doistórija, prehistory)
    до- (do-) + ‎пото́п m (potóp, flood, deluge) + ‎-ний (-nyj) → ‎допото́пний (dopotópnyj, antediluvian)
    до- (do-) + ‎індустріа́льний (industriálʹnyj, industrial) → ‎доіндустріа́льний (doindustriálʹnyj, preindustrial)

Derived terms

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