زبان
Baluchi[edit]
Noun[edit]
زبان • (zabán)
See also[edit]
- زوان (zawán)
Persian[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle Persian [script needed] (ŠNA) / [script needed] (ʾwzwʾn' /uzwān/) (Middle Persian 𐫙𐫉𐫇𐫀𐫗 (ʿzwʾn /izwān/)), from Proto-Iranian *hižwáH (compare Northern Kurdish ziman, Pashto ژبه (žəba), Avestan 𐬵𐬍𐬰𐬎𐬎𐬁 (hīzuuā)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́iȷ́ʰwáH (compare Sanskrit जिह्वा (jihvā), Urdu جِیبھ (jībh) / Hindi जीभ (jībh)), from Proto-Indo-European *dn̥ǵʰwéh₂s (compare Old Prussian insuwis, Russian язы́к (jazýk), French langue, English tongue).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [za.ˈβɑːn]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [zæ.bɒ́ːn]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [zä.bɔ́n]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | zaḇān |
Dari reading? | zabān, zubān |
Iranian reading? | zabân |
Tajik reading? | zabon |
Noun[edit]
Dari | زبان |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | забон |
زبان • (zabân, zobân) (plural زبانها (zabân-hâ))
- tongue (body part)
- c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 269:
- بَر زَبَان نَامِ حَقّ و دَر جَانِ او گَنْدهَا اَز فِکْرِ بیاِیمَانِ او
- bar zabān nām-i haqq u dar jān-i ō gand-hā az fikr-i bē-īmān-i ō
- On his tongue the name of God, and in his soul stenches from his infidel thought.
- language
- در زبان اردو، این کلمه به معنی « بزرگ » است.
- dar zabân-e ordu, in kalame be ma'ni-ye "bozorg" ast.
- In the Urdu language, this word means "big".
- c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume I, verse 1206:
- اَی بَسَا هِنْدُو و تُرْکِ هَم زَبَان اَی بَسَا دُو تُرْک چون بیگَانَگَان
- ay basā hindū u turk-i ham zabān ay basā dū turk čōn bēgānagān
- Oh, many are the Indians and Turks that speak the same tongue; oh, many the pair of Turks that are as strangers [to each other].
- c. 1650, Čandra Bhān, دیوان برهمن [The Brahman's divan]:
- بَرَهْمَن اَز لَبِ هِنْدِی نَژَادَان نُکْتَه میسَنْجَد زَبَانِ پَارْسِی و تُرْکِی و تَازِی نَمیدَانَد.
- barahman az lab-i hindī nažādān nukta mē-sanjad zabān-i pārsī u turkī u tāzī namē-dānad.
- [This] brahman weighs his subtle wits with lips of Hindi lineage; he knows not the Persian nor the Turkish nor the Arabic tongues.
- c. 1655, دبستان مذاهب [Dabistān-i Mazāhib]:
- وَ یَزْدَان بَهْرِ آبَاد نَامِهای فِرِسْتَاد دَسَاتیرِ نَام کِه دَر او هَر دَانِش و هَمِه زَبَان بود.
- va yazdân bahr-e âbâd nâme-i ferestâd dasâtir-e nâm ke dar u har dâneš o hame zabân bud.
- And God sent for Ābād's sake a book, Dasātir by name, within which there is all knowledge and every language.
Derived terms[edit]
- زبان اشاره (zabân-e ešâre)
- زبان مادری (zabân-e mâdari)
- زباناً (zabânan, “orally, verbally”)
- زبانی (zabâni)
- زبانشناس (zabân-šenâs)
- زبانشناسی (zabân-šenâsi)
Descendants[edit]
References[edit]
- MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) “uzwān”, in A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press, page 85
Sindhi[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Borrowed from Classical Persian زبان (zabān, zubān).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
زُبانَ • (zubāna) f (Devanagari ज़ुबान)
References[edit]
- Khānu, Balocu (1960-1988) “زُبانَ”, in Jāmiʻ Sindhī lughāta (in Sindhi), Ḥaidarābād, Sindhu: Sindhī Adabī Borḍ
Urdu[edit]
Etymology[edit]
First attested in c. 1603 as Middle Hindi زبان (/zbān/), borrowed from Classical Persian زبان (zabān, zubān), ultimately from Proto-Iranian *hižwáH, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ȷ́iȷ́ʰwáH.. Doublet of جِیبھ (jībh).
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /zə.bɑːn/, /zʊ.bɑːn/
Audio (PK) (file) - Rhymes: -ɑːn
- Hyphenation: ز‧بان
Noun[edit]
زَبان or زُبان • (zabān or zubān) f (Hindi spelling ज़बान or ज़ुबान)
Usage notes[edit]
Although zabān and zubān are both considered correct, some Urdu scholars are of the opinion that zabān merely refers to the body part, ie. tongue, whereas zubān refers to a language or speech, and sometimes vice versa, although there is no consensus for this. Shakespear, Platts, Fallon all attest both variants. Shams-ur-Rahman Farooqi, in his dictionary luġāt roz marra (pages 205-206), notes that the term زبان (/zbān/) is pronounced as zubān in Delhi and many of the Eastern [Indian Urdu] dialects, and in other parts zabān.
Declension[edit]
Declension of زبان | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
direct | زبان (zubān) | زبانیں (zubānẽ) |
oblique | زبان (zubān) | زبانوں (zubānõ) |
vocative | زبان (zubān) | زبانو (zubāno) |
Derived terms[edit]
- زبانی (zubānī, “verbally, orally; by memory”)
- مادری زبان (mādrī zubān, “mother tongue, native language”)
- زبانِ اشارہ (zubān-e-iśāra, “sign language”)
- اشاراتی زبان (iśārātī zubān, “sign language”)
- اشاروں کی زبان (iśārõ ki zubān, “sign language”)
Descendants[edit]
- → Phalura: zabaán
Further reading[edit]
- “زبان”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
- “زبان”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
- Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “زبان”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
- Platts, John T. (1884) “زبان”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
- S. W. Fallon (1879) “زبان”, in A New Hindustani-English Dictionary, Banaras, London: Trubner and Co.
- John Shakespear (1834) “زبان”, in A dictionary, Hindustani and English: with a copious index, fitting the work to serve, also, as a dictionary of English and Hindustani, 3rd edition, London: J.L. Cox and Son, →OCLC
Yemeni Arabic[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Cognate to Egyptian Arabic زَمُكَّة (zamukka), زَلَمُكَّة (zalamukka, “fundament of a fowl”), Moroccan Arabic زك (zukk, “arse”), Ge'ez ዘባን (zäban, “back”), Tigre and Tigrinya ዝባን (zəban, “back”).
Noun[edit]
زَبَان (zabān)
References[edit]
- Baluchi lemmas
- Baluchi nouns
- Persian terms inherited from Middle Persian
- Persian terms derived from Middle Persian
- Persian terms derived from Proto-Iranian
- Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Persian terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Persian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Persian terms with audio links
- Persian lemmas
- Persian nouns
- Persian terms with quotations
- Persian terms with usage examples
- fa:Organs
- Sindhi terms borrowed from Classical Persian
- Sindhi terms derived from Classical Persian
- Sindhi terms with IPA pronunciation
- Sindhi lemmas
- Sindhi nouns
- Sindhi nouns in Arabic script
- Sindhi feminine nouns
- sd:Anatomy
- Urdu terms inherited from Middle Hindi
- Urdu terms derived from Middle Hindi
- Urdu terms borrowed from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Classical Persian
- Urdu terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian
- Urdu doublets
- Urdu terms with IPA pronunciation
- Urdu terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Urdu/ɑːn
- Urdu lemmas
- Urdu nouns
- Urdu feminine nouns
- ur:Anatomy
- Urdu nouns with declension
- ur:Organs
- ur:Language
- Yemeni Arabic lemmas
- Yemeni Arabic nouns
- ayn:Body parts