Appendix:English formerly irregular verbs

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Weak verbs

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lemma archaic past simple archaic past participle contemporary weak forms
bake book baken baked, baked
bark bork borken barked, barked
bequeath bequoth bequothen bequeathed, bequeathed
braid / browden braided, braided
carve corve corven carved, carved
chide chid, chode chid, chidden chided, chided
climb clomb clumb climbed, climbed
dare durst durst dared, dared
delve dalf dolven delved, delved
ding dang dung dinged, dinged
fare fore faren fared, fared
fold feld folden folded, folded
gnaw gnew gnawn gnawed, gnawed
gripe grope gripen griped, griped
heave hove hove, hoven, heft heaved, heaved
help holp holpen helped, helped
latch laught laught latched, latched
laugh low laughen laughed, laughed
load / loaden loaded, loaded
melt molt molten melted, melted
owe ought own owed, owed
pitch pight pight pitched, pitched
quake quoke, quook quoke, quook quaked, quaked
quench / quent quenched, quenched
reach raught, rought raught, rought reached, reached
seethe sod sodden seethed, seethed
shove shave shoven shoved, shoved
shriek shright shright shrieked, shrieked
smart smort smorten smarted, smarted
starve starf, storve storven starved, starved
stretch straught, straight straught, straight stretched, stretched
thread thrid thridden threaded, threaded
wax wex, wox waxen waxed, waxed
wend went went wended, wended
work / wrought worked, worked
writhe wrothe writhen writhed, writhed
yield yold yolden yielded, yielded

Still going strong

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lemma archaic past simple archaic past participle contemporary strong forms contemporary weak forms
bind / bounden bound, bound /
burn brent brent burnt, burnt burned, burned
burst brast bursten burst, burst /
cleave clave / cleft, cleft / clove, cloven cleaved, cleaved
creep crope cropen crept, crept creeped, creeped
drink / drunken, dranken drank, drunk /
fight / foughten fought, fought /
find / founden found, found /
glide glode glode glid, glidden glided, glided
hit hat hitten hit, hit /
leap lept, lope lopen leapt, leapt leaped, leaped
let leet letten let, let /
sing / sungen sang, sung /
slide / slidden slid, slid /
smite smit smit smote, smitten smited, smited
spin span / spun, spun /
win wan / won, won /

Obsolete strong verbs

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archaic strong verb past simple past participle
belive belove beliven
hote hight hoten
nim nam, nom nom, nomen, num, numb
reck
rede red, redd red, redd
snithe snothe snithen
tee tow town

Notes

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