Appendix:Japanese declension and conjugation

Definition from Wiktionary, a free dictionary

Japanese declension and conjugation:

Contents 1 Japanese verbs 1.1 Types of conjugation 1.1.1 Group I, consonant stem (godan katsuyō) 1.1.2 Group II, vowel stem (ichidan katsuyō) 1.1.3 Group III, irregular

[edit] Japanese verbs

Wikipedia

[edit] Types of conjugation

Japanese has two kind of regular verbs; godan and ichidan:

[edit] Group I, consonant stem (godan katsuyō)

Ending in う (u): To decline the godan verb 会う (あう, au) meaning "to meet" the template {{Template:ja-go-u}} must be used as such:

{{ja-go-u|会|あ|a}}

Ending in く (ku): To decline the godan verb 描く (かく, kaku) meaning "to draw" the template {{Template:ja-go-ku}} must be used as such:

{{ja-go-ku|描|か|ka}}

Ending in ぐ (gu): To decline the godan verb 泳ぐ (およぐ, oyogu) meaning "to swim" the template {{Template:ja-go-gu}} must be used as such:

{{ja-go-gu|泳|およ|oyo}}

Ending in す (su): To decline the godan verb 殺す (ころす, korosu) meaning "to kill" the template {{Template:ja-go-su}} must be used as such:

{{ja-go-su|殺|ころ|koro}}

Ending in つ (tsu): To decline the godan verb 待つ (まつ, matsu) meaning "to wait" the template {{Template:ja-go-tsu}} must be used as such:

{{ja-go-tsu|待|ま|ma}}

Ending in ぬ (nu): To decline the godan verb 死ぬ (しぬ, shinu) meaning "to die" the template {{Template:ja-go-nu}} must be used as such:

{{ja-go-nu|死|し|shi}}

Ending in ぶ (bu): To decline the godan verb 呼ぶ (よぶ, yobu) meaning "to call" the template {{Template:ja-go-bu}} must be used as such:

{{ja-go-bu|呼|よ|yo}}

Ending in む (mu): To decline the godan verb 読む (よむ, yomu) meaning "to read" the template {{Template:ja-verbconj}} must be used as such:

{{ja-verbconj|読|よ|yo}}

Ending in る (ru): To decline the godan verb 走る (はしる, hashiru) meaning "to run" the template {{Template:ja-go-ru}} must be used as such:

{{ja-go-ru|走|はし|hashi}}

[edit] Group II, vowel stem (ichidan katsuyō)

All group II verbs end in る (ru), but nota bene that this does not mean that every verb ending in る (ru) is a group I verb.

To decline the ichidan verb 見る (みる, miru) meaning "to see" the template {{Template:ja-ichi}} must be used as such:

{{ja-ichi|見|み|mi}}

To decline the ichidan verb 食べる (たべる, taberu) meaning "to eat" the template {{Template:ja-ichi}} must be used as such:

{{ja-ichi|食べ|たべ|tabe}}

and so on...

[edit] Group III, irregular

There are only a handful of irregular verbs in Japanese, and they are as follows:

To decline the irregular verb する (suru) meaning "to do" the template {{Template:ja-suru}} must be used as such:

{{ja-suru|||}}

To decline the irregular verb 来る (くる, kuru) meaning "to come" the template {{Template:ja-kuru}} must be used as such:

{{ja-kuru|||}}

There are also irregular forms for many words used in polite language, with a final る becoming い in imperative and polite forms. (e.g. 下さる -> 下さい, 下さいます) In addition, the verb くれる have the irregular imperatve くれ, and the verb 行く has the irregular conjuctive form 行って.